Rock Mechanics for underground mining

Brady, B. H. G.; Brown, E. T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-2116-9

Cited by 37 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…The stress regime and thus in particular a change with depth is a decisive factor, e.g., for the wellbore stability, especially in case of directional or deviated drilling or the stimulation of enhanced geothermal reservoirs (Azzola et al, 2019). Such depth-dependent stress regimes are for example described by Brooke-Barnett et al (2015), Cornet et al (2007), and Rajabi et al (2017).…”

Section: Magnitudes Of S Hmin S Hmax and S Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D crustal stress state of Germany according to a data-calibrated geomechanical model

et al. 2021

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Abstract. The contemporary stress state in the upper crust is of great interest for geotechnical applications and basic research alike. However, our knowledge of the crustal stress field from the data perspective is limited. For Germany basically two datasets are available: orientations of the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) and the stress regime as part of the World Stress Map (WSM) database as well as a complementary compilation of stress magnitude data of Germany and adjacent regions. However, these datasets only provide pointwise, incomplete and heterogeneous information of the 3D stress tensor. Here, we present a geomechanical–numerical model that provides a continuous description of the contemporary 3D crustal stress state on a regional scale for Germany. The model covers an area of about 1000×1250 km2 and extends to a depth of 100 km containing seven units, with specific material properties (density and elastic rock properties) and laterally varying thicknesses: a sedimentary unit, four different units of the upper crust, the lower crust and the lithospheric mantle. The model is calibrated by the two datasets to achieve a best-fit regarding the SHmax orientations and the minimum horizontal stress magnitudes (Shmin). The modeled orientations of SHmax are almost entirely within the uncertainties of the WSM data used and the Shmin magnitudes fit to various datasets well. Only the SHmax magnitudes show locally significant deviations, primarily indicating values that are too low in the lower part of the model. The model is open for further refinements regarding model geometry, e.g., additional layers with laterally varying material properties, and incorporation of future stress measurements. In addition, it can provide the initial stress state for local geomechanical models with a higher resolution.

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Section: Magnitudes Of S Hmin S Hmax and S Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D crustal stress state of Germany according to a data-calibrated geomechanical model

et al. 2021

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“…more training GMPs, generally resulted in better performance. The optimal convolu tion filter size was 30 pixels by 30 pixels, which is equivalent to the tunnel's zone of influence (Brady & Brown, 2006). This paper focuses on the Cigar Lake Mine CNN model that bal ances the overall performance for all classes of yield, called the Global Balanced model.…”

Section: Cigar Lake Mine Convolutional Neural Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Geotech - 25 Years of Innovation

Hammah¹,

Yacoub²,

McQuillan³

et al. 2021

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I have been teaching and researching rock engineering and practicing as a consultant since 1972. I have spent most of that time in underground mining. I have seen significant changes, both evolutionary and radical, in the sector. In this paper, I reflect on some of these changes in mining geomechanical practice. I will also comment on some of the positive and occasionally less positive impacts of these changes. One constant throughout my career is that geomechanical designs will always be fraught with uncertainty. As a result, we will discuss geomechanical design as being, in its essence, a risk management exercise. I will argue that, as impressive as modern numerical analysis techniques are, they do not on their own mitigate design risk; under worst-case scenarios, they make things worse. Empirical and simple models must be used as a check. The paper intends to provoke healthy skepticism in geomechanics practitioners, designers and managers regarding all the aspects of the geomechanical analysis and design process. A failure to recognize the risks in these processes can have catastrophic effects.

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“…Stress is a physical quantity, which expresses the magnitude and direction of internal forces generated in a continuous material. Maximum stress is used to express the bearable load on deformation or destruction of objects (Brady & Brown, 1993). Figure 12 shows the changes in maximum stress between unpeeled and peeled prawns during heating under different thermal schedules.…”

Section: Change In Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical changes in cooked prawn muscle with or without shell during water bath treatment: Effect of thermal protein denaturation

Llave

Fukuoka

et al. 2020

J Food Process Engineering

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The presence or absence of prawn shell impacts the cooked muscle quality. Here, we evaluated the effect of different cooking temperatures and times during water bath treatment on the quality attributes of peeled and unpeeled prawns. Several factors, including heat penetration, moisture content, color distribution, microstructure, and texture changes were tested. Thermal protein denaturation was assessed to clarify differences in quality attributes between both samples. Heat penetration was slightly slower in unpeeled prawns compared to peeled prawns, which correlated with the lower denaturation rate for each protein (myosin, sarcoplasmic-collagen, and actin). The tissue connection between the shell and muscle protects the prawn meat from shrinkage, resulting in reduced water release. Maximum stress at 50, 65, and 75 C was significantly higher in unpeeled prawns than in peeled prawns. However, the absence of shell resulted in a denser microstructure and slightly higher color profile in peeled prawns. These findings may be applied for the thermal processing of prawns.

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Rock Mechanics for underground mining

Cited by 37 publications

References 141 publications

3D crustal stress state of Germany according to a data-calibrated geomechanical model

3D crustal stress state of Germany according to a data-calibrated geomechanical model

The Evolution of Geotech - 25 Years of Innovation

Physicochemical changes in cooked prawn muscle with or without shell during water bath treatment: Effect of thermal protein denaturation

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