Robustness of Gut Microbiota of Healthy Adults in Response to Probiotic Intervention Revealed by High-Throughput Pyrosequencing

Kim, Seok Won; Suda, Wataru; Kim, Sangwan; Oshima, Koichiro; Fukuda, Shinji; Ohno, Hiroshi; Morita, Hidetoshi; Hattori, Masahira

doi:10.1093/dnares/dst006

Cited by 284 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The finding is in agreement with several probiotic intervention studies, where limited changes in overall structure of fecal microbiota were observed both in children (Larsen et al, 2011;Nylund et al, 2013) and in adults (Gerritsen et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2013;Lahti et al, 2013). The increased stability of Actinobacteria in the treatment group may have been caused by inulin, which is known to support the growth of bifidobacteria, the main group within the phylum, in the intestine (Veereman, 2007;Salazar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Discordant temporal development of bacterial phyla and the emergence of core in the fecal microbiota of young children

et al. 2015

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The colonization pattern of intestinal microbiota during childhood may impact health later in life, but children older than 1 year are poorly studied. We followed healthy children aged 1-4 years (n = 28) for up to 12 months, during which a synbiotic intervention and occasional antibiotics intake occurred, and compared them with adults from the same region. Microbiota was quantified with the HITChip phylogenetic microarray and analyzed with linear mixed effects model and other statistical approaches. Synbiotic administration increased the stability of Actinobacteria and antibiotics decreased Clostridium cluster XIVa abundance. Bacterial diversity did not increase in 1-to 5-year-old children and remained significantly lower than in adults. Actinobacteria, Bacilli and Clostridium cluster IV retained child-like abundances, whereas some other groups were converting to adult-like profiles. Microbiota stability increased, with Bacteroidetes being the main contributor. The common core of microbiota in children increased with age from 18 to 25 highly abundant genus-level taxa, including several butyrate-producing organisms, and developed toward an adult-like composition. In conclusion, intestinal microbiota is not established before 5 years of age and diversity, core microbiota and different taxa are still developing toward adult-type configuration. Discordant development patterns of bacterial phyla may reflect physiological development steps in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Discordant temporal development of bacterial phyla and the emergence of core in the fecal microbiota of young children

et al. 2015

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“…In a recent intervention study that was performed adopting the same trial design (6), the administration of capsules containing the probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei DG did not modify the ␣-diversity of participants' fecal samples, but, in contrast to the results of this study, induced a significant change in the ␤-diversity in terms of weighted UniFrac distances. Kim et al (34) did not observe significant alterations in ␣-and ␤-diversities following the consumption of various probiotic products; however, a very limited number of subjects per group (only three) were used in that study. Furthermore, no alterations in ␣-and ␤-diversities were observed in the fecal microbiota of 1-to 2-year-old children following the consumption of probiotic milk containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Consumption of a Bifidobacterium bifidum Strain for 4 Weeks Modulates Dominant Intestinal Bacterial Taxa and Fecal Butyrate in Healthy Adults

Gargari

Taverniti

Balzaretti

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Modulation of the intestinal microbial ecosystem (IME) is a useful target to establish probiotic efficacy in a healthy population. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, crossover, and placebo-controlled intervention study to determine the impact of Bifidobacterium bifidum strain Bb on the IME of adult healthy volunteers of both sexes. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the fecal microbiota before and after 4 weeks of daily probiotic cell consumption. The intake of approximately one billion live B. bifidum cells affected the relative abundance of dominant taxa in the fecal microbiota and modulated fecal butyrate levels. Specifically, Prevotellaceae (P ‫؍‬ 0.041) and Prevotella (P ‫؍‬ 0.034) were significantly decreased, whereas Ruminococcaceae (P ‫؍‬ 0.039) and Rikenellaceae (P ‫؍‬ 0.010) were significantly increased. We also observed that the probiotic intervention modulated the fecal concentrations of butyrate in a manner dependent on the initial levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that a single daily administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum strain Bb can significantly modify the IME in healthy (not diseased) adults. These findings demonstrate the need to reassess the notion that probiotics do not influence the complex and stable IME of a healthy individual. IMPORTANCEFoods and supplements claimed to contain health-promoting probiotic microorganisms are everywhere these days and mainly intended for consumption by healthy people. However, it is still debated what actual effects probiotic products may have on the healthy population. In this study, we report the results of an intervention trial aimed at assessing the modifications induced in the intestinal microbial ecosystem of healthy adults from the consumption of a probiotic product. Our results demonstrate that the introduction of a probiotic product in the dietary habits of healthy people may significantly modify dominant taxa of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in the modulation of short-chain fatty acid concentrations in the gut. The overall changes witnessed in the probiotic intervention indicate a mechanism of microbiota modulation that could have potential effects on human health.

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“…Although their numbers then fell to the pretest level, this 'transient colonization' also means that they are safe to consume 32 . A recent study by Kim et al used pyrosequencing to examine the composition of the intestinal microflora in individuals receiving probiotics 33 , and the results did not reveal any significant changes. As healthy microflora are fairly robust and not easily altered, short-term supplementation of probiotics may have limited capability to modify the intestinal microflora.…”

Section: Parameter † Baselinementioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of a probiotic preparation on the human faecal microflora and biochemical and haematological parameters

Lan

Hsieh²,

Tsai

et al. 2015

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of a probiotic preparation PROBIO-C containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, L. rhamnosus, and Streptococcus thermophilus on the intestinal microflora of healthy volunteers and the effects on biochemical and haematological measurements. In vitro analyses, which included acid and bile salts tolerance and adhesion tests, were performed first. Probiotic bacteria in PROBIO-C demonstrated adhesion to human intestinal Caco-2 cells. An intervention study was conducted in a single-blind, random, and placebo-controlled trial. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, one provided with the placebo powder excluding the probiotic, one with 3 g of PROBIO-C with a targeted dose of 1.5 × 10 11 CFU of probiotic bacteria, and one with 6 g of PROBIO-C with a targeted dose of 3 × 10 11 CFU of probiotic bacteria. The experiment comprised three phases: the control period (week 1) during which no supplementation was given; the test period (weeks 2-4) during which volunteers were given either the placebo sample or PROBIO-C each day; the post-test period (week 5) during which no supplementation was given. The faecal samples were collected once every week throughout the study. The abundances of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species increased significantly during the test period in both PROBIO-C supplemented groups. In addition, the probiotic supplementation did not result in any significant change in clinical chemistry and haematological parameters. The results from this pilot study indicated that PROBIO-C is well-tolerated and safe.

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Robustness of Gut Microbiota of Healthy Adults in Response to Probiotic Intervention Revealed by High-Throughput Pyrosequencing

Cited by 284 publications

References 69 publications

Discordant temporal development of bacterial phyla and the emergence of core in the fecal microbiota of young children

Discordant temporal development of bacterial phyla and the emergence of core in the fecal microbiota of young children

Consumption of a Bifidobacterium bifidum Strain for 4 Weeks Modulates Dominant Intestinal Bacterial Taxa and Fecal Butyrate in Healthy Adults

Effects of a probiotic preparation on the human faecal microflora and biochemical and haematological parameters

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