Robust Scheduling for Pumping in a Water Distribution System under the Uncertainty of Activating Regulation Reserves

Abstract

A new robust scheduling method for pumping water in a water distribution system under the uncertainty of activating regulation reserves is proposed in this paper. During the operation of power systems, utilizing the energy equipment of the customer to enhance supply-demand control is attracting attention. Because water pumps have been already installed, they can be regarded as a relatively inexpensive, operational, and flexible resource. Changes in the operation of the water pump can contribute to the power supply and demand control. The proposed method helps generate a robust daily schedule for pumping water and provides regulation reserves under the uncertainty of activating regulation reserves. It is based on electric energy prices and regulation reserves, hourly water demand profiles, and the properties of water flow quantity and the electricity consumption of water pumps. This method comprises an optimization model formulated using mixed integer linear programming, validated through simulations of water pumping scheduling under certain scenarios. The results indicate that the net operational cost decreased when water pumps provided regulation reserves; further, the operational feasibility of providing these reserves from water pumps is clarified. The proposed model makes it possible to optimize power system operation that integrates the water supply system.

Sustainable Water Supply Systems Management for Energy Efficiency: A Case Study

“…These two examples can also be analyzed using a simulation model by introducing new hydraulic curves for pumps, thus providing new results and new possibilities. The results also indicate that the net operational cost decreased when water pumps provided regulation reserves; furthermore, the operational feasibility of providing these reserves from water pumps is clarified, which is also confirmed by Negishi and Ikegami [47] and Chang et al [48] in their study. Using the risk level in the water tanks may be crucial for cost reduction [49].…”