Robust Quantum Random Number Generation With Silicon Nanocrystals Light Source

Compact Quantum Random Number Generator with Silicon Nanocrystals Light Emitting Device Coupled to a Silicon Photomultiplier

“…Figure 3 shows the EL of the (m) LLED over ∼16 h. Note that the EL variation is compensated by the randomness extraction [9] and does not influence the quality of random numbers and therefore no adjustment of the QRNG is needed over a very long working period. …”

“…The randomness in path taken by photons arriving on a beam splitter 1 [1], the comparison of the waiting time for photon arrivals in adjacent time intervals [2] and the combination of both methods [3] have been used to generate random numbers. In some other works, encoding the number of arriving photons in observation windows [4][5][6] and the randomness in the photon arrival times [7][8][9] have been used to produce random numbers. Recently, a robust approach based on arrival times of photons has been proposed by our group [9].…”

“…In some other works, encoding the number of arriving photons in observation windows [4][5][6] and the randomness in the photon arrival times [7][8][9] have been used to produce random numbers. Recently, a robust approach based on arrival times of photons has been proposed by our group [9]. It considers all the non-idealities of the source as well as the detector, producing high quality random numbers which pass all the statistical tests in national institute of standards and technology (NIST) tests suite and TestU01 without a post-processing algorithm 1 .…”

“…In a previous work [9], we have demonstrated a procedure to extract high quality random numbers from the arrival time of photons emitted by a Si-NCs LED, collected by a fiber bundle and detected by a commercial single photon avalanche diode (SPAD). In this work we use the same robust methodology of random number extraction of Bisadi et al [9] but we demonstrate a PQRNG where the LLED is directly faced to a SiPM.…”

“…In this work we use the same robust methodology of random number extraction of Bisadi et al [9] but we demonstrate a PQRNG where the LLED is directly faced to a SiPM. Moreover, both devices are fabricated by the same silicon pilot line of Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK) with a dimension allowing optimum coupling which is specifically challenging for the Si-NCs LLED.…”