INTRODUCTIONResearch on the formation of multiagent systems has attracted growing interest in recent years, 1,2 triggered mainly by the technological advances in control techniques for single vehicles and the explosion in computational and communication capabilities. Research in the field of formation control and coordination for multiagent systems is currently progressing in areas, such as the formation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), 3 unmanned underwater vehicles, 4 satellites, 5 and spacecraft. 6 Various control strategies for multiagent formations have been investigated for many years, such as the leader-follower approach, 7-9 virtual structure approach, 10-12 behavior-based approach, 13,14 artificial potential field (APF) approach, 15-18 and motion planning approach. 19 Besides, different approaches for multiagent formation are well reviewed in other works 20-22 from different viewpoints. Among these approaches, APF-based approaches are similar to the work in this paper to some extent. In the work of Fax and Murray, 15 APF was used to design a distributed control law for the coordination of multiple vehicles. The distributed control law for each vehicle did not depend on the state of all other vehicles in the formation. However, it does not guarantee stabilization of the system of multiple vehicles to a unique desired formation. In the work of Olfati-Saber and Murray, 16 a structural potential function (SPF)-based approach was proposed for multivehicle formations. The SPF-based approach imposed a specific structure on a weighted graph associated with the formation of the vehicles, guaranteeing that the multivehicle system converged to a unique desired formation. However, the required Int J Robust Nonlinear Control. 2018;28:4565-4583. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/rnc © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 4565 4566 WANG ET AL.communication links were considerable in the SPF-based approach. In terms of flexibility and scalability, the APF-based approaches could be used to address the problem of transformation and the addition of an extra agent to a formation, but the distributed controllers for all of the corresponding agents need to be reconfigured. Motivated by the aforementioned considerations, we focus on a novel physicomimetics approach for the formation control in this paper. The concept of "physicomimetics" was first introduced in the work of Spears et al. 23 Physicomimetics is a type of artificial physics. The basic idea originates from natural physics, such as Newton's second law and universal gravitation. They used virtual physics forces to drive a multiagent system to a desired state. The desired state is one that minimizes the system's overall potential energy. In the physicomimetics approach, each agent acts as a molecular dynamic (F = ma). Thus, physicomimetics is founded upon solid scientific principles. As an example, 23 formulated vehicle swarms as various regular geometric lattice configurations by modeling the interactive force using virtual physics forces, which is similar to universal gravi...