Robotic mitral valve replacement for rheumatic mitral disease

Minimal access in cardiac surgery

“…[ 6 , 7 ] Finally, robotically-assisted totally endoscopic surgery has been widely used during the last two decades. [ 8 - 20 ] Minimally invasive cardiac surgery provides reduced surgical trauma, less complication, better rehabilitation period, as well as a higher patient comfort and cosmesis. [ 1 - 20 ]…”

“… Cardioplegia is delivered with a puncture needle or long-shafted cardioplegia cannula placed on the ascending aorta. [ 8 - 10 ] After cardiac arrest, left atriotomy is traditionally performed below the interatrial groove, namely Sondergaard's groove. Atrial retractor is placed, and the mitral procedures are done.…”

“…Cardioplegia is delivered with a puncture needle or long-shafted cardioplegia cannula placed on the ascending aorta. [ 8 - 10 ]…”

“…Robotic-assisted cardiac surgery has become increasingly used as a minimally invasive approach for mitral valve disease and atrial septal defects. [ 8 - 20 ] With innovations, robotic approach can be a reasonable and comparable alternative to percutaneous techniques. [ 32 , 33 ] Totally endoscopic robotic procedures remain an extraordinarily complex procedure, which require experience with several non-routine operative steps.…”

“…As a MICS technique, the main advantages of robotic surgery are less pain, shorter hospital stay, faster recovery, and improved cosmesis. [ 8 - 20 ] The procedures are done in a totally endoscopic way through the working port of 1.5 to 2-cm and 8 to 10-mm ports for the instruments. Relative contraindications include moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation and severe adhesions in the right hemithorax.…”