Roan coat color in livestock

Abstract

Prior to domestication, livestock ancestors had coat colors that provided camouflage against potential predators. Wild species mostly had a uniform phenotype with species-specific coat colors and patterns (Charon & Lipka, 2015;Neves et al., 2017). With domestication, a large variation of phenotypes arose driven by adaption to different habitats and climate conditions as well as by different human preferences (Bellone, 2010;Cieslak et al., 2011;Neves et al., 2017).Numerous genes influencing pigmentation and coat color-associated loci have been identified (Cieslak et al., 2011). These genes often either influence production of the pigment melanin or its distribution by affecting the underlying pathways (Bellone, 2010;Hubbard et al., 2010). Two different types of melanin-eumelanin and phaeomelanin-are synthesized and stored in

Genomic insights into the population history and adaptive traits of Latin American Criollo cattle

“…Mutations in PAX3 have been shown to result in a spectrum of phenotypic outcomes in horses from white spotting to a uniform white coat trait [ 65 ]. Similarly, mutations in the bovine SLC45A2 gene have been shown to cause oculocutaneous albinism [ 66 ], while the KITLG gene has been associated with the roan coat type in cattle [ 67 ].…”

Genetic and Phenotypic Characteristics of Belted Pig Breeds: A Review

“…Following the genetic instability shown by the Dominant white/KIT locus, at least 13 alleles have been listed: recessive wild-type allele i, observable in the Wild Boar and in coloured breeds; Patch allele I p causing spotted regions on a white background mainly found in Pietrain [95,98]; I 1 , I 2 , and I 3 , Dominant white causing a fully dominant solid white colour in Landrace and Large White pigs [89]; I N1 , only acknowledged with this symbol; I N1* , only acknowledged with this symbol; I N2 , only acknowledged with this symbol; I N2* , only acknowledged with this symbol; I L , Lethal; the Belt alleles I Be , I Be2 , determining, in order, a white belt across the shoulders and front legs on a solid background in Hampshire pigs and in other breeds, a white belt that differs for width [87,94,99]; I d , Dilute/Roan also known with the symbol I Rn or I Be* and it is associated with the grayroan coat phenotype [100], with dominant or partially dominant effect over the I allele, as reported by earlier classical genetics studies [85].…”

Uncovering the genetic diversity and adaptability of Butuo Black Sheep through whole-genome re-sequencing

“…Eumelanin (black or brown) or pheomelanin (red or yellow) is produced depending on the activity of enzymes and receptors involved in melanin synthesis and transport [ 3 , 5 – 7 ]. The genetic basis of coat color variation in sheep has been the subject of extensive study, revealing the roles of several genes, such as MC1R [ 8 ], ASIP [ 9 , 10 ], TYRP1 [ 7 , 11 ], MITF [ 12 , 13 ], and KIT [ 14 ].…”