Roadmap to control HBV and HDV epidemics in China

Goyal, Ashish; Murray, John M.

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.04.007

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In this study, we propose a model for HBV with three infectious compartments in the human population, i.e., two infected classes and a treatment class, which is different from the models in [19][20][21][22] and mentioned above. The model we consider is formulated based on HBV transmission among population, compared with the in-host model of delay differential equations in [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model we consider is formulated based on HBV transmission among population, compared with the in-host model of delay differential equations in [21]. Due to different motivation in [22], we focus on the transmission of HBV monoinfection and take no consideration of its superinfection with HDV, because the prevalence and new infected cases of HDV are obviously much lower than those of HBV in China [23]. Model application is done to simulate HBV data released by the National Health Commission of China from 2004 to 2016, extending the numerical results in [12,13,24] by more epidemiological data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application and Optimal Control for an HBV Model with Vaccination and Treatment

Zhang

2018

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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In this study, we formulate a model for hepatitis B virus with control strategies of newborn vaccination and treatment. Mathematical analysis is done theoretically and numerically. The results indicate that the stability of equilibria and persistence of the disease are determined by the basic reproductive number R0. Using the least squares method, the model is applied to simulate yearly new infected cases of hepatitis B in China from 2004 to 2016. Moreover, optimal control problem with newborn vaccination and treatment appearing as functions of time is analyzed by classical optimal theory. The existence of the solution to optimality system is proved, and the simulations are conducted to show the results when optimal control or current intervention is used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application and Optimal Control for an HBV Model with Vaccination and Treatment

Zhang

2018

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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“…In either phase of testing, if an adult is determined to be both uninfected and unvaccinated, we assume they are given HBV adult vaccination to induce future immunity to both infections and are not tested further. HBV positivity is confirmed by the presence of either HBsAg or HBV DNA while an individual is additionally confirmed positive for HDV through HDV RNA [ 25 ]. In the model, we further assumed that 5%(1–10%) of the adult population can be diagnosed every year, based on the assumption that each of the >7000 hospital can test 1–10 person every day [ 52 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mathematical modelling assists public health policy-makers in making informative decisions [ 22 – 24 ] and formal models are especially important in complex, multi-pathogen systems such as HBV and HDV [ 2 – 4 ], where intuitive reasoning may be insufficient. The model we use in this analysis is an extension of previously published work on HDV in China [ 25 ]. Unlike China, Brazil is a low HBV endemic region with sub-regions of moderate and high HBV and HDV prevalence but the control of HDV in Brazil is still more difficult due to increased burden of disease and reduced public health resources [ 16 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model we use in this analysis is an extension of previously published work on HDV in China [ 25 ]. Unlike China, Brazil is a low HBV endemic region with sub-regions of moderate and high HBV and HDV prevalence but the control of HDV in Brazil is still more difficult due to increased burden of disease and reduced public health resources [ 16 , 25 ]. We find the dynamic allocation of resources year-to-year between different controls (screening, vaccination, treatment, and awareness) under different treatment policies that reduce new cases of HBV and mortality from 2017–2027.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening for hepatitis D and PEG-Interferon over Tenofovir enhance general hepatitis control efforts in Brazil

Goyal

Romero-Severson

2018

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundHepatitis D virus (HDV), which requires the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a deadly yet neglected disease that rapidly leads to liver cancer and disease-induced mortality. This co-dependence creates complex transmission dynamics that make it difficult to predict the efficacy of interventions aimed at HBV and/or HDV control in endemic regions, such as certain municipalities of Brazil, where up to 65% of HBV-infected persons are co-infected.MethodologyWe created a mathematical model that captures the joint transmission dynamics of HBV and HDV, incorporating mother-to-child, sexual and household transmission. With an aim to minimize the number of total infections and disease-induced mortality in 2027, we then determined optimal strategies for Brazil and its sub-regions under a constrained budget, which was dynamically allocated among HBV and HDV screening, HBV and HDV treatment, HBV newborn and adult vaccination, and awareness programs. Three treatment options were considered, namely: Tenofovir, PEGylated-Interferon, and nucleic acid polymers (NAP).ResultsThe additional cost of HDV screening and the use of a more expensive PEGylated-Interferon are offset by not wasting resources on treating co-infected persons with Tenofovir. The introductory price of NAP treatment must be less than $16,000 per course to become competitive with Tenofovir and PEGylated-Interferon in Brazil.ConclusionAdditional screening for HDV is beneficial, even in a low HBV and HDV endemic regions of Brazil. We recommend PEGylated-Interferon, wherever possible, for both HBV and HDV. If PEGylated-Interferon is not available in abundance, PEGylated-Interferon for co-infections and 4-year Tenofovir treatment for mono-infections is recommended.

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High Throughput Blood Analysis Based on Deep Learning Algorithm and Self‐Positioning Super‐Hydrophobic SERS Platform for Non‐Invasive Multi‐Disease Screening

Lin

Chen

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Blood analysis is crucial for early cancer screening and improving patient survival rates. However, developing an effective strategy for early cancer detection using high-throughput blood analysis is still challenging. Herein, a novel automatic super-hydrophobic platform is developed together with a deep learning (DL)-based label-free serum and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), along with an automatic high-throughput Raman spectrometer to build an effective point-of-care diagnosis system. A total of 695 high-quality serum SERS spectra are obtained from 203 healthy volunteers, 77 leukemia M5, 94 hepatitis B virus, and 321 breast cancer patients. Serum SERS signals from the normal (n = 183) and patient (n = 443) groups are used to assess the DL model, which classify them with a maximum accuracy of 100%. Furthermore, when SERS is combined with DL, it exhibits excellent diagnostic accuracy (98.6%) for the external held-out test set, indicating that this method can be used to develop a high throughput, rapid, and label-free tool for screening diseases.

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Roadmap to control HBV and HDV epidemics in China

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Application and Optimal Control for an HBV Model with Vaccination and Treatment

Application and Optimal Control for an HBV Model with Vaccination and Treatment

Screening for hepatitis D and PEG-Interferon over Tenofovir enhance general hepatitis control efforts in Brazil

High Throughput Blood Analysis Based on Deep Learning Algorithm and Self‐Positioning Super‐Hydrophobic SERS Platform for Non‐Invasive Multi‐Disease Screening

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