Road Traffic Injury on Rural Roads in Tanzania: Measuring the Effectiveness of a Road Safety Program

Zimmerman, Karen G.; Jinadasa, Deepani; Maegga, B. T. A.; Guerrero, Alejandro

doi:10.1080/15389588.2014.973491

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Road traffic injuries are one of the leading causes of death, hospitalization, disability, and low socioeconomic status (3-6). According to world health organization (WHO) report, higher mortality rates associated with road traffic crashes are more prevalent in South-Western Asia (7).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Patterns of Road Traffic Crashes During the Last Two Decades in Iran: A Review of the Literature from 1996 to 2014

Sadeghi‐Bazargani¹,

Ayubi²,

Azami-Aghdash³

et al. 2016

Arch Trauma Res

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ContextDespite considerable attention given to health statistics of road traffic crashes (RTCs), the epidemiological aspects of injuries resulting from RTCs are not fully understood in Iran and other developing countries. The aim of this review was to study the epidemiological pattern and issues arising due to RTCs in Iran.Evidence AcquisitionThe scope of this study involves data from a broad range of published literature on RTCs in Iran. Data collection for this study was conducted by searching for keywords such as traffic accidents, traffic crashes, motorcycle accidents, motorcycle crashes, motorcycle injury, motor vehicle injury, motor vehicle crashes and motor vehicle accidents, Iran and Iranian in various databases such as Embase, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Magiran, Iranian scientific information database (SID) and IranMedex.ResultsThis study comprised of 95 articles. It is evident from this review that a large number of severe RTCs occur due to collision of two or more vehicles and most of the victims are males aged between 30 and 39 years. Male pedestrian, drivers and passengers are more likely to be severely injured in comparison to females. One of the most prevalent causes of death among adults involved in the RTCs are head injuries and the majority of deaths occur prior to hospitalization. Mortality rates for RTCs are higher in summer, especially during midnight among all age groups. The most common individual and environmental risk factors associated with RTCs include lack of attention, getting trapped in the car, listening to music, fatigue and sleepiness, duration and distance and negligence of seatbelt usage while driving.ConclusionsThe findings of the current study will be beneficial in prevention of RTCs and its associated complications and hence will be vital for policy makers, health service managers and stakeholders.

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Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Patterns of Road Traffic Crashes During the Last Two Decades in Iran: A Review of the Literature from 1996 to 2014

Sadeghi‐Bazargani¹,

Ayubi²,

Azami-Aghdash³

et al. 2016

Arch Trauma Res

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“…Variation of leading causes of TSCI among countries and regions is explained by the fact that the predominating infrastructure, socioeconomic and cultural activities from which such trauma may result, are geographically not homogenous [5]. Except for the emerging motorbike use as public transport [9] rural Africa and Tanzania have fewer motorized vehicles and so causes of TSCI other than RTA can be anticipated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic spinal cord injury in the north-east Tanzania – describing incidence, etiology and clinical outcomes retrospectively

Moshi

Sundelin

Sahlén

et al. 2017

Global Health Action

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Background: Causes, magnitude and consequences of traumatic spinal cord injury depend largely on geography, infrastructure, socioeconomic and cultural activities of a given region. There is a scarcity of literature on profile of traumatic spinal cord injury to inform prevention and rehabilitation of this health condition in African rural settings, particularly Tanzania. Objective: To describe the incidence, etiology and clinical outcomes of traumatic spinal cord injury and issues related to retrospective study in underdeveloped setting. Methods: Records for patients with traumatic spinal cord injury for five consecutive years (2010–2014) were obtained retrospectively from the admission wards and health records archives of the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center. Sociodemographic, cause, complications and patients’ condition on discharge were recorded and analyzed descriptively. Results: The admission books in the wards registered 288 new traumatic spinal cord injury cases from January 2010 to December 2014. Of the 288 cases registered in the books, 224 were males and 64 females with mean age 39.1(39.1 ± 16.3) years and the majority of individuals 196(68.1%) were aged between 16 and 45 years. A search of the hospital archives provided 213 full patient records in which the leading cause of injury was falls 104(48.8%) followed by road traffic accidents 73(34.3%). Cervical 81(39.9%) and lumbar 71(34.74%) spinal levels were the most affected. The annual incidence for the Kilimanjaro region (population 1,640,087) was estimated at more than 26 persons per million population. The most documented complications were pressure ulcers 42(19.7%), respiratory complications 32(15.0%) and multiple complications 28(13.1%). The mean length of hospital stay was 64.2 ± 54.3 days and the mortality rate was 24.4%. Conclusion: Prevention of traumatic spinal cord injury in North-east Tanzania should consider falls (particularly from height) as the leading cause, targeting male teenagers and young adults. Pressure ulcers, respiratory complications, in-hospital mortality and availability of wheelchairs should be addressed.

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“…Following the increase of motorized vehicles in limited road space in the LMICs, especially in the rural regions, the incidence of RTAs in the recent years has been escalated. A recent population-based study in one of the Tanzanian rural areas indicated that most road traffic injuries (RTIs) were due to motorcycle accidents, affecting males in their twenties [6]. Furthermore, most roads in LMICs have neither traffic lights nor warning signs and neither pedestrian walkways nor cyclist pathways.…”

Section: Road Traffic Accidentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Trauma and Its Consequences in Rural and Semi-Urban Regions of Low and Middle Income Countries

Moshi¹

2018

Current Issues in Global Health

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Trauma is a common occurrence in the rural and semi-urban regions of the low-and middleincome countries (LMICs) due to existence of risky infrastructure, socioeconomic, and cultural environments. Causes of trauma in these regions range from the commonest road traffic accidents, falls, burns, and assaults to the scarcely reported range of farmyard accidents. A majority of persons who survive trauma in these areas are evacuated from the incident scene and transported to the health facilities by laypersons by using any available vehicles. This state of handling potentially exposes trauma survivors to secondary injuries, worsening the disability and heightening risk to prehospital death. The cost managing persons with trauma is overwhelmingly high for rural areas of LMICs. Most governments of LMICs are not prepared to cater for individual traumatic incidents; so, if a permanent disability is a final outcome, the injured person and the immediate family have to bear the whole rehabilitation cost. In most cases, these rehabilitation costs are either unaffordable or unavailable to the family leading to provision of inappropriate assistive functional and mobility devices. Broader consequences include the inability to engage in income generating activities, while continuously draining the family economy, hence a poverty-disability vicious cycle.

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Road Traffic Injury on Rural Roads in Tanzania: Measuring the Effectiveness of a Road Safety Program

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

Epidemiological Patterns of Road Traffic Crashes During the Last Two Decades in Iran: A Review of the Literature from 1996 to 2014

Epidemiological Patterns of Road Traffic Crashes During the Last Two Decades in Iran: A Review of the Literature from 1996 to 2014

Traumatic spinal cord injury in the north-east Tanzania – describing incidence, etiology and clinical outcomes retrospectively

Physical Trauma and Its Consequences in Rural and Semi-Urban Regions of Low and Middle Income Countries

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