Road Lighting Standards’ Evolution and Future Development of Smart Street Lighting Based upon Users’ Performance in View of Human Centric Lighting: A Review

Abstract

This paper reviews the literature on the development of different road lighting standards or guidelines, their effectiveness as determined by motorists’ and pedestrians’ opinions in relation to human centric lighting, and another novel method to assess the impact of different lighting conditions on users’ performance using EEG and cultivating the signals from EEG. Human centric lighting, in its simplest form, is a user-dependent method, since it improves lighting sources or designs based on the findings of analyses of the visual and non-visual effects of lighting upon user performances. Human centric lighting can help users since it considers factors that can improve their mood, productivity, health, etc. By incorporating an automated smart, human centric street lighting system, this article seeks to define the fundamentals of the smart street lighting standard for Indian context. This will help save a significant amount of energy. Additionally, this paper describes a few findings and experiments that were done to determine how variations in CCTs of main and peripheral sources and flickering peripheral sources affected user reaction time and visibility level of the seen for object detection, for quantification of the parameters related to human centric lighting. It is seen in the experiments done in Jadavpur University laboratory that for high CCT values, reaction time for object detection of human observers increases, and it is also seen that flickering of light sources increases reaction time, but it does not profoundly affect the decrement of reaction time for object detection with increment of CCT value of main source.