Road lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations

Fotios, Steve; Gibbons, Ronald B.

doi:10.1177/1477153517739055

Cited by 111 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(241 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, studies have not evaluated the impact on nighttime road safety of newer technologies, such as Light Emitting Diode (LED) streetlighting, which are being installed in road environments worldwide. Indeed, while data are widely available regarding the energy and economic benefits associated with LED streetlights, with additional savings provided through dimming and adaptive light controls, only limited research has considered the driving‐related human factors and safety aspects of these light sources, particularly how dimming might impact on driving performance . Meta‐analyses of crash data and streetlighting levels, demonstrate that lower levels of traditional streetlighting do not necessarily increase crash risk, and highlight the potential for dimming and adaptive strategies, where streetlighting levels are modified according to road user needs.…”

Section: Driving Under Nighttime Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nighttime driving: visual, lighting and visibility challenges

Wood

2019

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose Nighttime driving is dangerous and is one of the most challenging driving situations for most drivers. Fatality rates are higher at night than in the day when adjusted for distances travelled, particularly for crashes involving pedestrians and cyclists. Although there are multiple contributory factors, the low light levels at night are believed to be the major cause of collisions with pedestrians and cyclists at night, most likely due to their reduced visibility. Understanding the visibility problems involved in nighttime driving is thus critical, given the increased risk to road safety. Recent Findings This review discusses research that highlights key differences in the nighttime road environment compared to the day and how this affects visual function and driving performance, together with an overview of studies investigating how driver age and visual status affect nighttime driving performance. Research that has focused on the visibility of vulnerable road users at nighttime (pedestrians and cyclists) is also included. Summary Collectively, the research evidence suggests that visual function is reduced under the mesopic lighting conditions of night driving and that these effects are exacerbated by increasing age and visual impairment. Light and glare from road lighting and headlights have significant impacts on vision and night driving and these effects are likely to change with evolving technologies, such as LED streetlighting and headlights. Research also highlights the importance of the visibility of vulnerable road users at night and the role of retroreflective clothing in the ‘biomotion’ configuration for improving their conspicuity and hence safety.

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Section: Driving Under Nighttime Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nighttime driving: visual, lighting and visibility challenges

Wood

2019

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…Replacement to LEDs provides nearly 50% energy savings, as demonstrated by various studies. In parallel, as noted by Gibbons and Fotios [1] in 2018, the illuminance level has been increasing continuously over the last 50 years.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 76%

New Ways to Achieve Climate Aim in Roadway Lighting

Voelker

2019

PROCEEDINGS OF the 29th Quadrennial Session of the CIE

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“…In general, in an urban scenario, the condition of a unique building to be highlighted with respect to its background is an important issue. In general, an urban scenario is composed of different elements, , each one with its own peculiarity and hierarchy level. Ab‐o‐Atash Park (in northern Tehran, Iran) was selected due to its properties, such as diversity, being active at night, and having architectural elements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viewerphilic nightscape based on correlated color temperature

Pourfathollah

Mahdavinejad

2019

Color Research & Application

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Nowadays, many factors are involved in lighting design to achieve targeted lighting in addition to meeting the user's requirements and security to avoid energy loss. As building indexation at night is one of the main reasons for building lighting, it is necessary to make a decision to reduce energy consumption and increase observer's attention. The present study investigated the relationship between the correlated color temperature of the background and building based on the amount of visual attention and the amount of visual desirability. In this article, using a factor analysis approach, a range that attracts visual attention and visual desirability at the same time was obtained, and it is called viewerphilic perspective. The results presented in the form of a diagram show a relationship between the variables that directly and indirectly influence the formation of a viewerphilic night perspective. The results showed that the elements with a high correlated color temperature in the background and a low correlated color temperature and neutral color were in the viewerphilic range, while the elements with a low color temperature and a background with a high color temperature was in the range of viewer phobic.

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Road lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations

Cited by 111 publications

References 139 publications

Nighttime driving: visual, lighting and visibility challenges

Nighttime driving: visual, lighting and visibility challenges

New Ways to Achieve Climate Aim in Roadway Lighting

Viewerphilic nightscape based on correlated color temperature

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