RNAi suppression of the anthocyanidin synthase gene in Torenia hybrida yields white flowers with higher frequency and better stability than antisense and sense suppression

Nakamura, Noriko; Fukuchi-Mizutani, Masako; Miyazaki, Kiyoshi; Suzuki, Ken-ichi; Tanaka, Yoshikazu

doi:10.5511/plantbiotechnology.23.13

Cited by 94 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…However, it is often necessary to downregulate competing pathways or select mutant lines lacking the competing activities as a host for transformation for efficient redirection and accumulation of a considerable amount of the preferred product. RNAiinduced silencing appears to be the technology of choice for downregulation of an endogenous gene because it is more efficient than antisense or sense suppression [42][43][44]. Flower colour modification by genetic engineering, that is not limited to engineering P450 genes, has been reviewed recently [41,[45][46][47].…”

Section: Sorghummentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower colour and cytochromes P450

Tanaka

Brugliera²

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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262

146

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Cytochromes P450 play important roles in biosynthesis of flavonoids and their coloured class of compounds, anthocyanins, both of which are major floral pigments. The number of hydroxyl groups on the B-ring of anthocyanidins (the chromophores and precursors of anthocyanins) impact the anthocyanin colour, the more the bluer. The hydroxylation pattern is determined by two cytochromes P450, flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) and flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) and thus they play a crucial role in the determination of flower colour. F3′H and F3′5′H mostly belong to CYP75B and CYP75A, respectively, except for the F3′5′Hs in Compositae that were derived from gene duplication of CYP75B and neofunctionalization. Roses and carnations lack blue/violet flower colours owing to the deficiency of F3′5′H and therefore lack the B-ring-trihydroxylated anthocyanins based upon delphinidin. Successful redirection of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway to delphinidin was achieved by expressing F3′5′H coding regions resulting in carnations and roses with novel blue hues that have been commercialized. Suppression of F3′5′H and F3′H in delphinidin-producing plants reduced the number of hydroxyl groups on the anthocyanidin B-ring resulting in the production of monohydroxylated anthocyanins based on pelargonidin with a shift in flower colour to orange/red. Pelargonidin biosynthesis is enhanced by additional expression of a dihydroflavonol 4-reductase that can use the monohydroxylated dihydrokaempferol (the pelargonidin precursor). Flavone synthase II (FNSII)-catalysing flavone biosynthesis from flavanones is also a P450 (CYP93B) and contributes to flower colour, because flavones act as co-pigments to anthocyanins and can cause blueing and darkening of colour. However, transgenic plants expression of a FNSII gene yielded paler flowers owing to a reduction of anthocyanins because flavanones are precursors of anthocyanins and flavones.

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Section: Sorghummentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower colour and cytochromes P450

Tanaka

Brugliera²

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

Self Cite

262

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, the suppression of F3Ј5ЈH genes, that encode a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the blue pigment delphinidin, was reported to lead to a pink-flowered phenotype by blocking biosynthesis of the delphinidin pigments in torenia (Suzuki et al 2000). A few examples were also reported on the suppression of other genes in anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, such as chalcone isomerase (CHI), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), and flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) Nakamura et al 2006;Ono et al 2006). …”

Section: Flower Color Modification Of Gentian Plants By Rnai-mediatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flower color modification of gentian plants by RNAi-mediated gene silencing

Nakatsuka

Mishiba

Abe

et al. 2008

Plant Biotechnology

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“…This study showed that the catalytic process induced by ANS in the transition from colorless anthocyanin into colored anthocyanin was one of the (Zhou et al, 2013). Nakamura et al (2006) inhibited ANS gene expression in Torenia fournieri by using RNAi and found that anthocyanin content in T. fournieri strains was greatly reduced. ANS gene was mainly regulated by effect of various signals on transcription, thereby influencing the anthocyanin synthesis in plants; this finding is consistent with the results for Litchi chinensis as reported by Wei et al (2011).…”

Section: Expression and Assay Of Recombinant Ppansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of an Anthocyanidin Synthase Gene in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch

Wang

et al. 2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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To elucidate the effect of anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) gene on anthocyanin accumulation in fruit skin of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. 'Chunmei', this study cloned and characterized an ANS gene (PpANS) from peach. PpANS (GenBank accession No. KX760117) was encoded by a 1074 bp-long open reading frame (ORF) corresponding to a polypeptide consisting of 358 amino acids with a molecular mass of 40.45 kD and an isoelectric point of 5.46. PpANS contains a conserved 2-oxoglutarate-and iron-dependent dioxygenases and non-haem dioxygenase binding regions. PpANS shared high similarities to angiosperm ANS and displayed the closest genetic relationship to Prunus domestica. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that PpANS was highly expressed in fruit skin, flesh and flowers, and peach fruit skin showed the highest transcript level of PpANS. Anthocyanin accumulation analysis indicated that it was highly accumulated in fruit skin and flesh of peach. Changes in the transcript level were highly correlated with anthocyanin content in the different tissues of peach. Prokaryotic expression analysis showed PpANS that protein can be expressed correctly in E. coli, and the size of PpANS recombinant protein was consistent with its predicted size. In vitro enzyme activity assay revealed that recombinant PpANS protein could catalyze the formation the cyanidin from leucocyanidin.These results indicated that PpANS was responsible for anthocyanin accumulation in P. persica.

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RNAi suppression of the anthocyanidin synthase gene in Torenia hybrida yields white flowers with higher frequency and better stability than antisense and sense suppression

Cited by 94 publications

References 21 publications

Flower colour and cytochromes P450

Flower colour and cytochromes P450

Flower color modification of gentian plants by RNAi-mediated gene silencing

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of an Anthocyanidin Synthase Gene in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch

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