RNA Viruses in
            <i>Blechomonas</i>
            (Trypanosomatidae) and Evolution of
            <i>Leishmaniavirus</i>

Grybchuk, Danyil; Kostygov, Alexei Y.; Macedo, Diego H.; Votýpka, Jan; Lukeš, Julius; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav

doi:10.1128/mbio.01932-18

Cited by 31 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Each contained a single ORF; 2012, 334, and 165 aa long in the L, M, and S fragments, respectively. As previously reported for other leishbunyaviruses [32], the proportions of particular viral segments were not even. As compared to the L RNA, the S segment was about six-fold more abundant ( Table 1 and Table S1).…”

Section: Viral Dsrna In Leishmania (M) Martiniquensissupporting

confidence: 48%

“…The sequences of all three viral segments were complete and included both 5 and 3 terminal "panhandle" inverted repeats (5 -acacaaaga tctttgtgt-3 , Figure 2) necessary for replication, transcription, and translation in bunyaviruses [3]. The sequences of the identified terminal repeats were identical to those of other known LBVs [32,38].…”

Section: Viral Dsrna In Leishmania (M) Martiniquensismentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Transcriptome assembly was carried out essentially as described earlier [32]. In brief, reads were trimmed with Trimmomatic v. 0.36 [44] and assembled de novo using Trinity v. 2.4.0 [45].…”

Section: Viral Sequence Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The First Non-LRV RNA Virus in Leishmania

Grybchuk

Macedo

Kleschenko

et al. 2020

Viruses

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In this work, we describe the first Leishmania-infecting leishbunyavirus—the first virus other than Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) found in trypanosomatid parasites. Its host is Leishmania martiniquensis, a human pathogen causing infections with a wide range of manifestations from asymptomatic to severe visceral disease. This virus (LmarLBV1) possesses many characteristic features of leishbunyaviruses, such as tripartite organization of its RNA genome, with ORFs encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, surface glycoprotein, and nucleoprotein on L, M, and S segments, respectively. Our phylogenetic analyses suggest that LmarLBV1 originated from leishbunyaviruses of monoxenous trypanosomatids and, probably, is a result of genomic re-assortment. The LmarLBV1 facilitates parasites’ infectivity in vitro in primary murine macrophages model. The discovery of a virus in L. martiniquensis poses the question of whether it influences pathogenicity of this parasite in vivo, similarly to the LRV in other Leishmania species.

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Section: Viral Dsrna In Leishmania (M) Martiniquensissupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Viral Dsrna In Leishmania (M) Martiniquensismentioning

confidence: 93%

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The First Non-LRV RNA Virus in Leishmania

Grybchuk

Macedo

Kleschenko

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…Due to the nature of the cloacal swabs, it is impossible to accurately determine the host for these viruses, although some information can be gleaned from the families in which these virus fall. For example, the Narnaviridae are known to infect fungi and protists, while the related Leviviridae infect bacteria [58][59][60][61]. Other novel viruses fell within invertebrate associated clades of the Nodaviridae and Tombusviridae, associated with both vertebrate and invertebrate infecting viruses in the Picornavirales [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained RNA virome diversity in Antarctic penguins and their ticks

et al. 2020

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Despite its isolation and extreme climate, Antarctica is home to diverse fauna and associated microorganisms. It has been proposed that the most iconic Antarctic animal, the penguin, experiences low pathogen pressure, accounting for their disease susceptibility in foreign environments. There is, however, a limited understanding of virome diversity in Antarctic species, the extent of in situ virus evolution, or how it relates to that in other geographic regions. To assess whether penguins have limited microbial diversity we determined the RNA viromes of three species of penguins and their ticks sampled on the Antarctic peninsula. Using total RNA sequencing we identified 107 viral species, comprising likely penguin associated viruses (n = 13), penguin diet and microbiome associated viruses (n = 82), and tick viruses (n = 8), two of which may have the potential to infect penguins. Notably, the level of virome diversity revealed in penguins is comparable to that seen in Australian waterbirds, including many of the same viral families. These data run counter to the idea that penguins are subject to lower pathogen pressure. The repeated detection of specific viruses in Antarctic penguins also suggests that rather than being simply spill-over hosts, these animals may act as key virus reservoirs.

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“…The phylogenetic tree revealed that many of the identified mycoviruses were originated from fungi; however, some mycoviruses had strong phylogenetic relationships with those from insects and plants. In particular, four known narnaviruses derived from trypanosomatids were closely related with those from insects and fungi, suggesting that the previously identified narnaviruses from insects might be derived from insect parasites (38). It is likely that the insect parasites were also included during RNA preparation from insect tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Identification of viruses from fungal transcriptomes

Choi

Chu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Viruses infecting fungi are referred to as mycoviruses. Here, we carried out in silico mycovirome studies using public fungal transcriptomes. We identified 468 virus-associated contigs assigned to five orders, 21 families, 26 genera, and 88 species. We assembled 120 viral genomes with diverse RNA and DNA genomes. The phylogenetic tree and genome organization unveiled the possible host origin of mycovirus species and diversity of their genome structures. Most identified mycoviruses were originated from fungi; however, some mycoviruses had strong phylogenetic relationships with those from insects and plants. The viral abundance and mutation frequency of mycoviruses were very low; however, the compositions and populations of mycoviruses were very complex. Although coinfection of diverse mycoviruses in the fungi was common in our study, most mycoviromes had a dominant virus species. The compositions and populations of mycoviruses were more complex than we expected. Monilinia viromes revealed that there were strong deviations in the composition of viruses and viral abundance among samples. Gigaspora viromes showed that the chemical strigolactone might promote virus replication and mutations, while symbiosis with endobacteria might suppress virus replication and mutations. This study revealed the diversity and host distribution of mycoviruses.

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RNA Viruses in Blechomonas (Trypanosomatidae) and Evolution of Leishmaniavirus

Cited by 31 publications

References 78 publications

The First Non-LRV RNA Virus in Leishmania

The First Non-LRV RNA Virus in Leishmania

Sustained RNA virome diversity in Antarctic penguins and their ticks

Identification of viruses from fungal transcriptomes

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