RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) Analysis Reveals Liver Lipid Metabolism Divergent Adaptive Response to Low- and High-Salinity Stress in Spotted Scat (Scatophagus argus)

Chen, Jieqing; Cai, Bosheng; Tian, Changxu; Jiang, Dongneng; Shi, Hongjuan; Huang, Yang; Zhu, Chunhua; Li, Guangli; Deng, Si‐Ping

doi:10.3390/ani13091503

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The decrease in UGT gene expression disrupts organismal homeostasis in response to hypoxic stress [39]. It is speculated that reducing the metabolism of small lipophilic molecules, such as steroid hormones, might have contributed to this phenomenon, as evidenced by the spotted scat [40]. This difference may be due to the fact that the species-specific patterns and precise mechanisms remain to be further investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Immunotoxicity in Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) Fingerlings Exposed to Niclosamide

Wu,

Yuan,

Tian

et al. 2024

Life

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Niclosamide (NIC) is a potent salicylanilide molluscicide/helminthicide commonly utilized for parasite and mollusc control in aquatic environments. Due to its persistent presence in water bodies, there is growing concern regarding its impact on aquatic organisms, yet this remains inadequately elucidated. Consequently, this study aims to assess the hepatotoxic effects and detoxification capacity of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) in a semi-static system, employing various parameters for analysis. NIC was applied to juvenile black carp at three different concentrations (0, 10 and 50 μg/L) for 28 days in an environmentally realistic manner. Exposure to 50 μg/L NIC resulted in an increase in hepatic lysozyme (LYZ), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and complement 4 (C4) levels while simultaneously causing a decrease in peroxidase (POD) activity. Additionally, NIC exposure exhibited a dose-dependent effect on elevating serum levels of LYZ, ALP, complement 3 (C3), C4, and immunoglobulin T (IgT). Notably, the mRNA levels of immune-related genes tnfα, il8, and il6, as well as nramp and leap2, were upregulated in fish exposed to NIC. RNA-Seq analysis identified 219 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in M. piceus after NIC exposure, with 94 upregulated and 125 downregulated genes. KEGG and GO analyses showed enrichment in drug metabolism pathways and activities related to oxidoreductase, lip oprotein particles, and cholesterol transport at 50 μg/L NIC. Additionally, numerous genes associated with lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and innate immunity were upregulated in NIC-exposed M. piceus. Taken together, these findings indicate that NIC has the potential to cause hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity in M. piceus. This research offers important insights for further understanding the impact of molluscicide/helminthicide aquatic toxicity in ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Immunotoxicity in Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) Fingerlings Exposed to Niclosamide

Wu,

Yuan,

Tian

et al. 2024

Life

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“…The role of the adipocytokine signaling pathway was found to play a significant role in high-salinity stress in spotted scat (Scatophagus argus), with upregulation of the following genes: g6pc1, socs1, socs3, adipor2, pck1, and ppara in liver of fish treated in high salinity conditions (77). Our study revealed ten differentially expressed genes (or isoforms) with opposite directions of regulation in gynogenetic and sexual fish after D. pseudospathaceum infection, with some of them (especially nfkbia, g6pc1, socs3) already revealed by previous studies [e.g (74)(75)(76)(77)]. Several DEGs enriched within the adipocytokine signaling pathway belonging to endocrine system in our study of gibel carp were also reported within the next endocrine system pathwayspecifically, the insulin signaling pathway (socs3a, g6pc, g6pc1a.2, irs2a and irs2b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum inducing differential immune gene expression in sexual and gynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius gibelio): parasites facilitating the coexistence of two reproductive forms of the invasive species

Fuad,

Tichopád,

Ondračková

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionParasite-mediated selection is considered one of the potential mechanisms contributing to the coexistence of asexual-sexual complexes. Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio), an invasive fish species in Europe, often forms populations composed of gynogenetic and sexual specimens.MethodsThe experimental infection was induced in gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp using eye-fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum (Trematoda), and the transcriptome profile of the spleen as a major immune organ in fish was analyzed to reveal the differentially expressed immunity-associated genes related to D. pseudospathaceum infection differing between gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp.ResultsHigh parasite infection was found in gynogenetic fish when compared to genetically diverse sexuals. Although metacercariae of D. pseudospathaceum are situated in an immune-privileged organ, our results show that eye trematodes may induce a host immune response. We found differential gene expression induced by eye-fluke infection, with various impacts on gynogenetic and sexual hosts, documenting for the majority of DEGs upregulation in sexuals, and downregulation in asexuals. Differences in gene regulation between gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp were evidenced in many immunity-associated genes. GO analyses revealed the importance of genes assigned to the GO terms: immune function, the Notch signaling pathway, MAP kinase tyrosine/threonine/phosphatase activity, and chemokine receptor activity. KEGG analyses revealed the importance of the genes involved in 12 immunity-associated pathways – specifically, FoxO signaling, adipocytokine signaling, TGF-beta signaling, apoptosis, Notch signaling, C-type lectin receptor signaling, efferocytosis, intestinal immune network for IgA production, insulin signaling, virion - human immunodeficiency virus, Toll-like receptor signaling, and phosphatidylinositol signaling system.DiscussionOur study indicates the limited potential of asexual fish to cope with higher parasite infection (likely a loss of capacity to induce an effective immune response) and highlights the important role of molecular mechanisms associated with immunity for the coexistence of gynogenetic and sexual gibel carp, potentially contributing to its invasiveness.

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“…Additionally, research on Scatophagus argus under salt stress found that both high and low amounts of salt stress led to a significant downregulation of genes (cept1 and pla2g4a) associated with glycerophospholipid metabolism. This indicates a reduced efficiency in the conversion of phosphatidylserine, and changes in cell membrane structure and energy storage may occur for the organism to adapt to different salinity conditions [37]. Therefore, we hypothesize that the disruption of the glutamine metabolism pathway leads to more severe damage to crucian carp cell membranes.…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

Investigating the Impact of Disrupting the Glutamine Metabolism Pathway on Ammonia Excretion in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus) under Carbonate Alkaline Stress Using Metabolomics Techniques

Sun,

Geng,

Liu

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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With the gradual decline in freshwater resources, the space available for freshwater aquaculture is diminishing and the need to maximize saline water for aquaculture is increasing. This study aimed to elucidate the impact mechanisms of the disruption of the glutamate pathway on serum metabolism and ammonia excretion in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) under carbonate alkaline stress. A freshwater control group (C group), a 20 mmol/L NaHCO3 stress group (L group), and a 40 mmol/L NaHCO3 stress group (H group) were established. After 30 days of exposure, methionine sulfoximine (MSO) was injected to block the glutamate pathway metabolism, and the groups post-blocking were labeled as MC, ML, and MH. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with the quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) metabolomics technique was employed to detect changes in the composition and content of crucian carp serum metabolites. Significant differential metabolites were identified, and related metabolic pathways were analyzed. The results revealed that, following the glutamate pathway blockade, a total of 228 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in the three treatment groups. An enrichment analysis indicated significant involvement in glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, purine metabolism, arginine and proline biosynthesis, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and fatty acid degradation, among other metabolic pathways. The results showed that ROS imbalances and L-arginine accumulation in crucian carp after the glutamate pathway blockade led to an increase in oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in vivo, which may cause damage to the structure and function of cell membranes. Crucian carp improves the body’s antioxidant capacity and regulates cellular homeostasis by activating glutathione metabolism and increasing the concentration of phosphatidylcholine (PC) analogs. Additionally, challenges such as aggravated ammonia excretion obstruction and disrupted energy metabolism were observed in crucian carp, with the upregulation of purine metabolism alleviating ammonia toxicity and maintaining energy homeostasis through pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis as well as fatty acid degradation. This study elucidated the metabolic changes in crucian carp under carbonate alkaline stress after a glutamate pathway blockade at the cellular metabolism level and screened out the key metabolic pathways, which provide a scientific basis for further in-depth studies on the ammonia excretion of freshwater scleractinian fishes under saline and alkaline habitats at a later stage.

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RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) Analysis Reveals Liver Lipid Metabolism Divergent Adaptive Response to Low- and High-Salinity Stress in Spotted Scat (Scatophagus argus)

Cited by 15 publications

References 67 publications

Investigating Immunotoxicity in Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) Fingerlings Exposed to Niclosamide

Investigating Immunotoxicity in Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) Fingerlings Exposed to Niclosamide

Trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum inducing differential immune gene expression in sexual and gynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius gibelio): parasites facilitating the coexistence of two reproductive forms of the invasive species

Investigating the Impact of Disrupting the Glutamine Metabolism Pathway on Ammonia Excretion in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus) under Carbonate Alkaline Stress Using Metabolomics Techniques

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