RNA-seq provides novel insights into response to acute salinity stress in oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense

Abstract

The oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense is an important aquaculture species in China, Vietnam, and Japan. This species could survive in the salinity ranging from 7 to 20 ppt and accelerate growth in the salinity of 7 ppt. To identified the genes and pathways in response to acute high salinity stress, M. nipponense were exposed to the acute high salinity of 25 ppt. Total RNA from hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle tissues was isolated, and then sequenced using high throughput sequencing method. Differentially expressed genes (DGEs) were identified, and total of 632, 836, and 1246 DEGs with a cutoff of significant two-fold change were differentially expressed in hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle tissues, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway enrichment analysis were conducted. These DEGs were involved in the GO terms of cellular process, metabolic process, membrane, organelle, binding, and catalytic activity. The DEGs of hepatopancreas and gill tissues were mainly enriched in PPAR signaling pathway, longevity regulating pathway, protein digestion and absorption, and the DEGs of muscle tissue in arginine biosynthesis, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, cardiac muscle contraction, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Real-time PCR conducted with fifteen selected DEGs indicated high reliability of digital analysis using RNA-Seq. This work provides a comprehensive insight into the molecular responses to high salinity stress in M. nipponense, which provide a novel contribution to understanding of the molecular mechanisms of adaptation to salinity stress in euryhaline crustaceans.

Transcriptome, Proteome, Histology, and Biochemistry Analysis of Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense under Long-term Salinity Exposure

“…Besides, binding protein (BIP) was up-regulated in 14 ppt in gills. BIP is a marker of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and binds typically to the transmembrane PERK, IRE1 and ATF6 (Gentile et al, 2011). The upregulation of BIP usually means disturbing ER homeostasis (Wu and Kaufman, 2006).…”

“…In aquaculture, salinity is one of the most critical environmental factors affecting the establishment, development, and growth of aquatic organisms, as well as their distribution and physiological functions (Fan et al, 2022a;Fan et al, 2022b). Crustacea are sensitive to salinity, adversely affecting their metabolism, osmoregulation, and growth traits.…”

“…The oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense, is one of the most critical commercial aquaculture species in Europe, China, Japan, and Southeast Asia (Fan et al, 2022a;Fan et al, 2022b). M. nipponense commonly occurs in estuaries and freshwater habitats with low salinity (Ma et al, 2011;Ma et al, 2012;Kumar Chourasia et al, 2018).…”

“…Consequently, the ability to tolerate salinity provided this species with more potential for cultivation. Furthermore, the results of previous studies have demonstrated that crustaceans may regulate mechanisms such as metabolism, immunity response, and osmoregulation in order to adapt to the alterations in their environment resulting from exposure to salinity stress (Fan et al, 2022b;Xue et al, 2022). Since crustaceans channel energy into osmotic adjustment, their growth is significantly reduced due to increased salinity acclimation (Xue et al, 2022a).…”