RNA-Seq and UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS Based Lipidomics Study in Lysiphlebia japonica

Abstract

Lipids play an important role in energy storage, membrane structure stabilization and signaling. Parasitoids are excellent models to study lipidomics because a majority of them do not accumulate during their free-living life-stage. Studies on parasitoids have mostly focused on the changes in the lipids and gene transcripts in hosts and little attention has been devoted to lipidomics and transcriptomics changes in parasitoids. In this study, a relative quantitative analysis of lipids and their gene transcripts in 3-days-old Lysiphlebia japonica larva (3 days after spawning) and pupae were performed using liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and RNA-seq. Thirty-three glycerolipids and 250 glycerophospholipids were identified in this study; all triglycerides and the vast majority of phospholipids accumulated in the pupal stage. This was accompanied by differentially regulated lipid uptake and remolding. Furthermore, our data showed that gene transcription was up-regulated in key nutrient metabolic pathways involved in lipid synthesis in 3-days-old larvae. Finally, our data suggests that larva and pupa of L. japonica may lack the ability for fatty acids synthesis. A comprehensive, quantitative, and expandable resource was provided for further studies of metabolic regulation and molecular mechanisms underlying parasitic response to hosts defense.

Advances in analytical tools and current statistical methods used in ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of glycero-, glycerophospho- and sphingolipids

“…Evidently, the computerized methods have utilized automated systems when internal standards for normalization are neglected. [2], [3], [10], [11], [13], [14], [16], [17], [20], [21], [22], [24], [26], [30], [32][33][34][35][36], [38], [44], [4 6], [47], [59], [63], [66], [73].…”

“…Furthermore, the inclusion of trapped IMS (TIMS) combined with parallel accumulation serial fragmentation (PASEF) has emerged to enhance complementary MS/MS and IMS data. [126] For high-resolution MS, an Orbitrap [2], [5], [34], QTOF [4], [6], [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], [21], [25], [28], [30], [32], [33], [36][37][38][39][40], [43], [44], [53], [54], [59][60][61], [66], [68][69][70][71], [71], AA073, [74], [75],…”

“…Along with home-made databases [30], [32], [33], [36], [51], [54], [68], [78], commercial and open-source libraries have gained popularity and variety both for monitoring the lipid range with MS by characterizing fragmentation patterns for selective identity searching of lipids.…”

“…This is the case for most sample number described in the articles reviewed for this paper. The average number of real samples studied was around 10-20 with the excluded outliers of 283 [36] and 10115 [94] test subjects. As to analyse control samples, there was a clear split of 7-16 and ~30 in the number of controls used in the individual studies [30], [34].…”

“…[2], [3], [10], [11], [13], [14], [16], [17], [20], [21], [22], [24], [26], [30], [32][33][34][35][36], [38], [44], [4 6], [47], [59], [63], [66], [73].…”