RNA-Seq analysis on chicken taste sensory organs: An ideal system to study organogenesis

Abstract

RNA-Seq is a powerful tool in transcriptomic profiling of cells and tissues. We recently identified many more taste buds than previously appreciated in chickens using molecular markers to stain oral epithelial sheets of the palate, base of oral cavity, and posterior tongue. In this study, RNA-Seq was performed to understand the transcriptomic architecture of chicken gustatory tissues. Interestingly, taste sensation related genes and many more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found between the epithelium and mesenchyme in the base of oral cavity as compared to the palate and posterior tongue. Further RNA-Seq using specifically defined tissues of the base of oral cavity demonstrated that DEGs between gustatory (GE) and non-gustatory epithelium (NGE), and between GE and the underlying mesenchyme (GM) were enriched in multiple GO terms and KEGG pathways, including many biological processes. Well-known genes for taste sensation were highly expressed in the GE. Moreover, genes of signaling components important in organogenesis (Wnt, TGFβ/ BMP, FGF, Notch, SHH, Erbb) were differentially expressed between GE and GM. Combined with other features of chicken taste buds, e.g., uniquely patterned array and short turnover cycle, our data suggest that chicken gustatory tissue provides an ideal system for multidisciplinary studies, including organogenesis and regenerative medicine.

Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Candidate Genes and Signaling Pathways Associated With Feed Efficiency in Xiayan Chicken

“…High-throughput sequencing techniques have become powerful and effective tools for gaining a deeper understanding of the basic molecular mechanisms of complicated systems ( Wang et al, 2009 ; Ozsolak and Milos, 2011 ). RNA sequencing, a high-throughput technique, has been generally used in livestock to find the expression patterns of functional genes ( Cui et al, 2017 ; Ni et al, 2019 ; Peng et al, 2019 ).…”

Protective Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Chicken Splenic Lymphocytes

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Early taste buds are from Shh+ epithelial cells of tongue primordium in distinction from mature taste bud cells which arise from surrounding tissue compartments

“…Tongues were collected and bathed in (E11.5) or sub-epithelially injected (P1) with collagenase A (1 mg/mL Sigma Aldrich, 10103586001) and dispase II (2.5 mg/mL Sigma Aldrich, 04942078001) for 30 min at 37 °C, then tongue epithelium was separated from mesenchyme. RNA was extracted as previously described [15] and after normalization converted to cDNA using Thermo Fisher's SuperScript™ First-Strand Synthesis System for RT-PCR.…”

“…RNA-sequencing was carried out and analyzed as previously described [15]. Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads (FPKM) values were utilized to represent gene expression levels.…”