RNA in cancer

Goodall, Gregory J.; Wickramasinghe, Vihandha O.

doi:10.1038/s41568-020-00306-0

Cited by 775 publications

(683 citation statements)

References 224 publications

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“…LncRNAs can act as a guide, scaffolds or decoy molecule of proteins to recruit proteins or RNAs. LncRNAs can also affect the structure of chromatin and lead to modulating gene expression [11]. In addition, circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to a new type of ncRNA with a circular configuration and are involved in carcinogenesis [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long noncoding RNAs: functions and mechanisms in colon cancer

2020

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Evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the carcinogenesis and progression of a wide variety of human malignancies including colon cancer. In this review, we describe the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs involved in colon oncogenesis, such as HOTAIR, PVT1, H19, MALAT1, SNHG1, SNHG7, SNHG15, TUG1, XIST, ROR and ZEB1-AS1. We summarize the roles of lncRNAs in regulating cell proliferation, cell apoptotic death, the cell cycle, cell migrative and invasive ability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells and drug resistance in colon cancer. In addition, we briefly highlight the functions of circRNAs in colon tumorigenesis and progression, including circPPP1R12A, circPIP5K1A, circCTIC1, circ_0001313, circRNA_104916 and circRNA-ACAP2. This review provides the rationale for anticancer therapy via modulation of lncRNAs and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in colon carcinoma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long noncoding RNAs: functions and mechanisms in colon cancer

2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternative splicing (AS) of precursor mRNAs (pre-mRNAs) is a fundamental mechanism that allows for the generation of diverse mature transcripts from a single gene thus amplifying the gene-coding capacity and increasing the functional diversity 1,2,3 . Over 95% of human multiexon genes undergo AS that is tightly controlled by the interaction of trans-acting proteins referred to as splicing factors with cis-acting nucleotide sequences 1,2,3 . Splicing factors encompass members of the serine-arginine (SR) protein family and heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that promote or repress speci c splicing events through interacting with exonic or intronic regulatory sequences classi ed as enhancers or silencers 1,4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over 95% of human multiexon genes undergo AS that is tightly controlled by the interaction of trans-acting proteins referred to as splicing factors with cis-acting nucleotide sequences 1,2,3 . Splicing factors encompass members of the serine-arginine (SR) protein family and heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that promote or repress speci c splicing events through interacting with exonic or intronic regulatory sequences classi ed as enhancers or silencers 1,4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aberrant AS events are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer through deregulating essential cellular processes such as cell survival and proliferation 1,4,5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pan-cancer lncRNA PLANE regulates an alternative splicing program to promote cancer pathogenesis

Teng

Feng

Guo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Genomic amplification of the distal portion of chromosome 3q, which encodes a number of oncogenic proteins, is one of the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities in malignancy. Here we functionally characterise a non-protein product of the 3q region, the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) PLANE, which is upregulated in diverse cancer types through copy number gain as well as E2F1-mediated transcriptional activation. PLANE forms an RNA-RNA duplex with the nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 (NCOR2) pre-mRNA at intron 45, binds to heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein M (hnRNPM) and facilitates the association of hnRNPM with the intron, thus leading to repression of the alternative splicing (AS) event generating NCOR2-202, a major protein-coding NCOR2 AS variant. In consequence, PLANE promotes cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenicity and its upregulation is associated with poor patient outcomes. These results uncover the function and regulation of PLANE and suggest that PLANE may constitute a therapeutic target in the pan-cancer context.

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Plasmon‐Enhanced Ultrasensitive Digital Imaging Immunoassay for the Quantification of microRNAs Assisted by Convolutional Neural Network Analysis

Long

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Digital imaging immunoassays for precisely detecting microRNAs have attracted much attention in early cancer diagnosis. Currently, there is an urgent demand for improving the sensitivity and selectivity in digital immunoassays, which is limited by low imaging signal‐to‐noise ratio and pollutant interference. Herein, a plasmon‐enhanced ultrasensitive and selective digital‐readout imaging immunoassay is reported for microRNA quantification. Through DNA hybridization technology, Au nanoparticles are bound to target microRNAs and selectively placed onto an Au film coated slide, locally forming plasmonic nanocavities that dramatically enhance the scattering imaging signal of nanoparticles in dark‐field microscopy. Additionally, a convolutional neural network algorithm not only automatically recognizes and counts the image spots of the nanoparticles, but also excludes the counting errors inevitably induced by environmental pollutants or other noises. Ultimately, a quantitative determination of the microRNA‐375 cancer biomarker is demonstrated with a dynamic range that spans across 4 orders of magnitude (from 1 fm to 10 pm) with a low limit of detection (1.29 fm). This plasmon‐enhanced digital imaging immunoassay is a promising analytical tool toward point‐of‐care testing for various disease biomarkers at very low concentrations.

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RNA in cancer

Cited by 775 publications

References 224 publications

Long noncoding RNAs: functions and mechanisms in colon cancer

Long noncoding RNAs: functions and mechanisms in colon cancer

The pan-cancer lncRNA PLANE regulates an alternative splicing program to promote cancer pathogenesis

Plasmon‐Enhanced Ultrasensitive Digital Imaging Immunoassay for the Quantification of microRNAs Assisted by Convolutional Neural Network Analysis

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