Riverbank filtration in Cairo, Egypt: part II—detailed investigation of a new riverbank filtration site with a focus on manganese

Paufler, S.; Grischek, Thomas; Bartak, Rico; Ghodeif, Kamal; Wahaab, Rifaat Abdel; Boernick, Hilmar

doi:10.1007/s12665-018-7500-9

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The biogeochemistry process of Fe, Mn, and NH 4 + ‐N is relatively sufficient, and the correlation becomes obvious among them. Therefore, the variation of hydrodynamic condition has a certain influence on the correlation between Fe, Mn, and NH 4 + ‐N (Ghodeif et al, ; Paufler et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the pretreatment effectiveness of the RBF is controlled by natural condition of the hydrologic systems and is also closely related to the scientific design of the riverside well field (Groeschke, Frommen, Winkler, & Schneider, ). The water quality from the production wells is largely influenced by the residence time of the surface water as it flows downward through the RBF system and by the mixing ratio of surface water and groundwater (Paufler et al, ; Unland, Cartwright, Cendón, & Chisari, ), which are controlled by hydrodynamic conditions. Therefore, the design of the riverside well field for the RBF systems needs to be comprehensive and should take all relevant factors into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of well drawdowns on the mixing process of river water and groundwater and water quality in a riverside well field, Northeast China

Zhu

Zhai

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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Riverbank filtration (RBF) has been widely used throughout the world as an effective means to regulate surface water and groundwater resources and pretreat raw water for municipal water supply. The quality of the water from a riverside well field and the mixing ratios of surface water and groundwater is primarily impacted by the hydrodynamic processes in the RBF system. The RBF system is largely controlled by the water exploiting system in addition to the natural hydrologic condition of the river–aquifer system. As one of the most important design parameters of the riverside well field, the drawdown of groundwater level greatly determines the water head differences between the river water and groundwater as well as the field flow net, which subsequently impacts the mixing of river water and groundwater and water quality significantly. This study aimed to improve the understanding of the mixing process between the surface water and groundwater and estimate the impact of the RBF on the mixing ratio of surface water–groundwater and water quality quantitatively. A set of field pumping tests with various groundwater level drawdowns were carried out independently and successively at a riverside field with a single pumping well near the Songhua River in Northeast China in August 2017. During these tests, the water levels and hydrochemical parameters of the Songhua River, the adjacent aquifer, and the pumping well were monitored. The dynamic mixing process of the river water and groundwater and water quality under various drawdown conditions were analysed systematically using analytical methods. The results obtained from Dupuit method and the Mirror Image method in conjunction with the Hydrochemical Tracing method showed that the pumping water directly from the river water reached 60% ± 10% after a steady flow net was established. The larger the proportion of the pumping water captured from the river, the better quality of the pumping water was, because the quality of the river water (only limited to some water quality parameters monitored which were minority) was better than that of the groundwater. The results also showed that total Fe, TDS, total hardness, CODMn, and K+ were relatively sensitive to the changes of groundwater drawdown, and their concentrations decreased with an increase in the groundwater drawdown. It can be concluded that both the mixing ratio of the surface water and the groundwater and the water quality of the riverside well field can be regulated through adjusting the designed drawdown of the groundwater level, which is helpful for the design and the optimization of the riverside well water intake engineering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of well drawdowns on the mixing process of river water and groundwater and water quality in a riverside well field, Northeast China

Zhu

Zhai

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The final Fe and Mn concentration depended on the mixing ratio (portion of pumped groundwater commonly having high Fe and Mn concentration) and the redox-dependent Fe and Mn concentration of the bank filtrate. The latter is determined by the river water quality, the composition of the riverbed and the redox conditions within the aquifer [17,18,27,28]. After starting the operations of new RBF wells, the Fe and Mn concentration in the pumped water changed.…”

Section: Water Quality Changes During the Initial Phase Of Rbf Near Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Changes during the Initial Operating Phase of Riverbank Filtration Sites in Upper Egypt

Wahaab

Salah²,

Grischek

2019

Water

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To meet the increasing water demand and to provide safe drinking water in Egypt, the Holding Company for Water and Wastewater (HCWW) and its affiliated companies have started a program to develop riverbank filtration (RBF) sites in all Egyptian governorates. The paper gives an overview of water quality changes as a result of RBF, during the initial phase of operation at three sites in Upper Egypt, between 2015 and 2018. Significant changes were observed for chloride, sulfate, iron, manganese, ammonium, and in the bacterial counts. After the initiation of pumping from the RBF wells, it took 2 to 8 months until stable water quality was observed for the hydrochemical parameters and 2 to 14 months for the microbiological parameters. The results showed that RBF wells should be operated continuously, to maintain the advantage of lower Fe and Mn concentrations achieved by the wash-out effect in the aquifer zone, between the river bank and the RBF wells.

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“…Evaluating water quality indicators is a crucial issue for integrated water resource management, since potable water sustainability is an essential resource for the world's health [4] Numerical modelling is useful for studying groundwater systems, as it is a relatively low-cost method with the ability to experiment with multiple scenarios, and the results can be taken further into account, for example, when implementing an RBF system. Numerical simulations using MODFLOW software [18] have been applied concerning the effects of temperature on water contamination during soil passage transport, and to examine the influence of potential hydrological changes on the efficiency of bank filtration and artificial feeding [19,20]. Potential climate change has been assessed as discussed in applicable climate scenarios, including its impact on BF as a sustainable, cost-effective method of drinking water supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation for Riverbank Filtration Sustainability Considering Climatic Changes in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions; Case Study of RBF Site at Embaba, Nile Delta, Egypt

et al. 2021

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Changes in riverine hydrography and reduced aquifer recharge due to projected climate changes in arid and semi-arid regions are the main issues of water supply, especially in the Nile Delta, Egypt. Continuous degradation results from reduced Nile water flow, poor management of groundwater extraction, and human activities throughout the Nile’s course and drainage channels. Contamination of this water with heavy metals and dissolved organic solids reduces the quality of this water, which increases the price of treatment. River Bank Filtration (RBF) is a water treatment technology used for improving the quality of drinking water taken from polluted rivers where abstraction wells are installed on the banks. This study was applied to the RBF site at Embaba, Nile Delta, Egypt using the numerical code MT3D. The study was simulated and calibrated for the current situation and number of scenarios to investigate the effect of climatic changes on RBF sustainability. Four scenarios were simulated to identify and estimate the RBF portion and the total water travel time from the river to the wells. The first scenario involves a reduction in river stages, the second a decrease in aquifer recharge, the third a combination of the first two scenarios, and the fourth scenario combines scenarios 1, 2, and 3. The results indicate that the RBF portion decreased from 67.42% in the base case to 35.46% and 64.99% with a reduction in river stage by 75% from the base case and a decrease in aquifer recharge from 182.50 (base case) to 50 mm per year, respectively. Moreover, the RBF portion increased to reach 87.75% with a reduction in the General Head Boundary of 75% from the base case, while the combination of the three scenarios decreased the RBF portion to 67.24%. Finally, the water supply systems in arid and semi-arid regions should be extended by installing and operating RBF facilities to manage the negative effects of climatic change through reduction in river stages and aquifer recharge, and increasing abstraction due to overpopulation.

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Riverbank filtration in Cairo, Egypt: part II—detailed investigation of a new riverbank filtration site with a focus on manganese

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

The impact of well drawdowns on the mixing process of river water and groundwater and water quality in a riverside well field, Northeast China

The impact of well drawdowns on the mixing process of river water and groundwater and water quality in a riverside well field, Northeast China

Water Quality Changes during the Initial Operating Phase of Riverbank Filtration Sites in Upper Egypt

Numerical Investigation for Riverbank Filtration Sustainability Considering Climatic Changes in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions; Case Study of RBF Site at Embaba, Nile Delta, Egypt

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