River systems and their water and sediment fluxes towards the marine regions of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea earth system. An overview

Πούλος, Σ.

doi:10.12681/mms.19514

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Adriatic Surface Water (AdSW): The formation of the AdSW is associated with: (a) large amounts of freshwater (riverine) inputs [80] along with groundwater influxes [81]; (b) the advected ISW through the Otranto straits and its subsequent mixing with the previously mentioned water masses; and (c) surface heat loss (some 19-22 W/m 2 /y [82]) that leads to a seasonally unbalanced content of salt and heat. According to Ruso and Artegianni [83] and for the period 1947-1983, the winter temperatures of surface waters vary from <11.5 • C (Northern Adriatic) to 11.5-13.5 • C (Middle Adriatic) and >13.5% (South Adriatic), while salinity values are <38.0 in the North Adriatic, 38.0-38.5 in the Middle Adriatic and 38.…”

Section: Surface Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Masses of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea: An Overview

Poulos

2023

Water

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This overview presents the different water masses present in the various primary and secondary marine regions of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, providing information on their main physical characteristics (i.e., temperature, salinity, density), the water depths at which they have been observed and the processes involved in their formation. There is a characteristic difference in the overall hydrology of the Mediterranean Sea compared to the Black Sea, in terms of the number and characteristics of water masses and their formation processes, although they form a single (integrated) marine system. This difference is explained by the limited communication between the two seas through the Sea of Marmara and its straits (the Dardanelles and Bosporus) and by the fact that the Mediterranean Sea is a condensation basin while the Black Sea is a dilution basin; therefore, the deficit of water in the former is compensated by the inflow of Atlantic waters, while the surplus in the latter outflows to the Aegean Sea. In total, 21 different water masses have been identified in the Mediterranean Sea (excluding the Straits of Gibraltar and the Sea of Marmara) compared to the 5 water masses identified in the Black Sea (excluding the Sea of Azov). This large number of water masses is attributed to coastal morphology (i.e., presence of straits) and submarine relief (i.e., deep basin separated by shallow sills) and different formation processes.

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Section: Surface Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Masses of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea: An Overview

Poulos

2023

Water

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“…The basins of the Mediterranean and Black Sea receive a non-negligible amount of aeolian inputs compared to the riverine sediment fluxes. For example, the annual rate of aeolian sediment supply (mostly Saharan dust) for the Aegean Sea is of the order of 10-40 g m -2 (Nihlén & Olsson, 1995) that corresponds to a total dust deposition of 1.5-6.5 x 10 6 t year -1 (Poulos, 2009) when the total of suspended and dissolve load equals to 48 x 10 6 t year -1 (Poulos, 2019).…”

Section: Mediterranean and Black Sea Marine Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeolian Dust Inputs in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Marine System

2021

Global NEST: The International Journal

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<p>The aim of this paper is to estimate the amount of aeolian dust, deposited by dry and wet processes, that is deposited to the eleven marine regions of the Mediterranean-Black Sea Marine System (MBMS) and to compare it to the riverine influxes (i.e. suspended and dissolved sediment loads). This research is based on information for aeolian dust deposition at several coastal stations, around the MBMS, following an extended research of the available literature. For data elaboration, processing, and visualization a G.I.S. environment was utilized. The total annual amount of dust input for the whole system has been estimated to 59.9 × 106 tonnes, of which 57.2 × 106 tonnes are deposited in the Mediterranean Sea and only 2.7 ×106 tonnes in the Black Sea. The contribution of dust input (load), corresponding to 6.2% and 0.8% of the total amount of suspended and dissolved load, for the Mediterranean and Black Sea respectively, reveals the significant role of the aeolian dust inputs to the MBMS marine environment, in particular, at its southern Mediterranean domain.</p>

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“…The runoff of Turkish rivers is estimated at about 25 km 3 /year in which western part constitutes 9.93 km 3 /year and eastern part 14.9 km 3 /year, where the Kızılırmak brings 6.48 km 3 /year, the Sakarya -6.4 km 3 /year, the Çoruh -6.3 km 3 /year, the Yeşilırmak -5.8 km 3 /year (Simonov, Altman, 1991;Bulgakov, Yurkova, 2000;Jaoshvili, 2002;Goryachkin, Ivanov, 2006;Kostianoy, Kosarev, 2008;Kosarev et al, 2008;Mikhailov, Mikhailova, 2008;Grinevetskiy et al, 2015). According to different papers published in 1977-2019 the Black Sea freshwater runoff is estimated in the range between 338 km 3 /year (Simonov, Atman, 1991) and 517 km 3 /year (Margat, Treyer, 2004), while a mean value derived from these publications is of 401 km 3 /year (Poulos, 2019). Rivers play a key role in the state of coastal environment bringing water and sediments to the sea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rivers play a key role in the state of coastal environment bringing water and sediments to the sea. Nutrient and pollutants concentrations in coastal waters, as well as shelf sedimentation, coastline evolution, and benthic ecosystem are mostly associated with river runoff (Poulos, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On river plumes along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea

et al. 2019

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Heavy rains have become a serious problem for the coastal zone of the Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation and the Black Sea coast of Turkey. They lead to a significant increase in water levels in rivers, flooding of villages and even large cities, damage to urban and tourist infrastructure, roads and railways, bridges, beaches, flushing of garbage and sewage into rivers. This leads to environmental problems and even loss of life. River runoff forms river plumes in the coastal zone of the sea, which, depending on wind speed and direction, speed and direction of coastal currents, river runoff and density difference with sea water, can have various forms and spread in different directions from the mouth of the river, as well as participate in mesoscale and sub-mesoscale circulation of coastal waters. River plumes significantly affect the quality of sea water and the sanitary and epidemiological situation on the beaches of the resort area of Krasnodar Territory and Turkey. The situation is aggravated by the fact that sewage systems are in poor condition in cities or are completely absent in most of small villages along rivers and the coastal zone. After heavy rains, wastewater very often reaches the sea and poses a serious threat to human health. The purpose of this study is to use satellite remote sensing to demonstrate the behavior of river plumes along the Black Sea Turkish coast.

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River systems and their water and sediment fluxes towards the marine regions of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea earth system. An overview

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Water Masses of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea: An Overview

Water Masses of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea: An Overview

Aeolian Dust Inputs in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Marine System

On river plumes along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea

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