River Sand Mining and Its Ecological Footprint at Odor River, Nigeria

Akanwa, Angela Oyilieze

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-9496-0_16

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The sand sector is thought to be valued over $4 billion and is rapidly expanding at a pace of roughly 6% per year. 35…”

Section: Socio-economic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand Mining in India and its Evaluation using Swot Analysis- A Review

Jain¹,

Dohare²

2022

Curr. World Environ

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The importance of mining to long-term economic development in developing nations has been a hot topic in recent years. Mining offers enormous potential for local and national output, employment, revenue distribution, and economic growth. Among all minerals, Sand became the most widely used building resource on the earth that is creating the physical foundation of the built environment but the mining industry was unconcerned with the environmental consequences of resource exploitation. A Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT) analysis is done in this review article to give proper highlights on the issues and impacts of sand mining that need to be readdressed by mining authorities and by sand mining owners. Sand mining has some economic and social benefits, including the creation of jobs and revenue, as well as the enhancement of the local economy. But after water, Sand is now the second most exploited and exported resource by volume. Its exploitation is wreaking havoc on the environment and provoking political-economic tensions. This article concludes with some suggestions for potential direction of change/ improvement in sand mining in India.

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“…The sand sector is thought to be valued over $4 billion and is rapidly expanding at a pace of roughly 6% per year. 35…”

Section: Socio-economic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand Mining in India and its Evaluation using Swot Analysis- A Review

Jain¹,

Dohare²

2022

Curr. World Environ

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“…The decline in groundwater levels also affects the availability of freshwater for the daily needs of the local population [7,12]. Additionally, the erosion of riverbanks exposes and accelerates the damage to infrastructure along the river [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of a numerical model in curvilinear coordinates with sand mining component for bottom morphology simulation

Kim,

Huy,

Phuoc

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Numerical models for calculating bottom morphology are increasingly popular because of their long-term forecasting capabilities as well as their ability to identify causes. However, the simulation of bottom morphology, in addition to natural factors, is also governed by economic activities, especially sand mining. In this paper, we propose the development of the numerical model in curvilinear coordinates combined with a sand mining component that simulates the bottom morphology of the Tien river segment in the Mekong Delta as a study area. The modeling theory relies on the Reynolds equation system, which is combined with the suspended sediment transport equation in a two-dimensional curvilinear coordinate system. The process of averaging is performed over the depth. The suspended sediment transport equation incorporates a source function that describes the upward or downward movement of particles. In the model for bottom morphology, a component for sand mining is included, which accounts for the rate at which sand is extracted from the riverbed. This component is integrated into the equation governing the continuity of the bed load. The findings demonstrate that the numerical model effectively captures the changes in the river’s bottom morphology resulting from sand mining. Specifically, when the sand mining component is employed, the model accurately represents the actual development of the bottom morphology in river segments where sand mining occurs. Furthermore, the downstream bed alterations are significantly influenced by sand mining activities. By incorporating the sand mining component into the model, it becomes a valuable tool for simulating the bottom morphology in river segments subjected to sand mining, thus aiding in sand mining planning and the management of disaster risks associated with bank erosion.

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“…As a result, illegal river sand mining is becoming a widespread environmental problem in countries like China [7], Bangladesh [8], India [9,10], Kenya [11,12], Nigeria [13,14], South Africa [15][16][17][18][19][20] and Botswana [21]. Within these countries, such mining activity is driven by different factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing and Determining the Duration of Illegal Sand Mining in Specific River Channels in the Limpopo Province

Rapholo,

Rampedi,

Sengani

2023

Sustainability

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Artisanal and Small-scale river sand mining is one of the upcoming activities associated with the environmental crisis concerning the water ecosystem. However, the determination of the duration in which illegal sand mining has occurred, and the future prediction on the extent of river sand mining is not well-established in most of the world. This study aimed to assess the extent of river sand mining activities across some of the catchments in Limpopo province, South Africa and understand the sustainable extraction of sand resources. This was followed by the determination of when sand mining activities commenced in each of the individual catchments. Thus, remote sensing was applied to predict the extent of river sand mining from the year 1992 to 2022, and statistical prediction models were utilised to predict the extent of sand mining for the next 10 years. The results of the study suggest that most of the catchments started to experience illegal sand mining activities from the year 1992, though the extraction was relatively low. Equally, a decrease in vegetation coverage across the river system has been evidenced, which also suggests that the extraction of sand and gravel has been elevated from the year 2010. In terms of the prediction model, the Turfloop River system was predicted to experience a large extraction ratio in the coming 10 years, with about 92.415 ha of land expected to be affected. Meanwhile, the Molototsi River system was denoted to be the least affected river system, with a reduced extraction ratio of about 6.57 ha expected in the next 10 years’ time.

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River Sand Mining and Its Ecological Footprint at Odor River, Nigeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Sand Mining in India and its Evaluation using Swot Analysis- A Review

Sand Mining in India and its Evaluation using Swot Analysis- A Review

Integration of a numerical model in curvilinear coordinates with sand mining component for bottom morphology simulation

Tracing and Determining the Duration of Illegal Sand Mining in Specific River Channels in the Limpopo Province

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