“…While ocrelizumab was approved for relapsing remitting and primary progressive MS, rituximab has been widely used for the treatment of MS for many years in some countries, particularly Sweden. Rituximab past experience in other auto-immune diseases indicates an increased risk of mild to moderate bacterial infections, except in systemic lupus erythematosus, where many opportunistic infections were noted, such as Salmonella typhimurium gastroenteritis, meningococcal meningitis, Listeria meningitis, oesophageal candidiasis, herpes zoster infection and reactivation, endocarditis, septicemia, cholangitis, and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia as well as non-infectious complications such as mild to severe lymphopenia, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, unstable angina, and hypogammaglobulinemia [ 179 , 180 , 181 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 187 ]. In lymphoid malignancies, whether used with or without other immunosuppressive medications, important adverse events related to rituximab were tumor lysis syndrome (acute kidney injury, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, or hyperphosphatemia); and severe mucocutaneous reactions (paraneoplastic pemphigus, Stevens Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis) [ 188 , 189 ].…”