Ritual and Plant Use at Conchopata: An Andean Middle Horizon Site

Sayre, Matthew; Whitehead, William T.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52849-6_6

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Chonta palm trees are adapted to tropical climates without excessive rain, growing well up to 1200m asl in the Eastern Andes (Bernal 1975). Charred coca seeds have been identified by Sayre and Whitehead (2017) at Conchopata. Coca plants are found in the lowlands, growing optimally between 1200 and 1900m asl (D'Altroy 2015: 244).…”

Section: Network Of Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond exotic goods: Wari elites and regional interaction in the Andes during the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000)

2021

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Section: Network Of Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond exotic goods: Wari elites and regional interaction in the Andes during the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000)

2021

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“…This is due in part to the ample material correlates of elite activities, as well as the challenges of elucidating quotidian practice from simple domestic remains. Of course, as Sayre and Whitehead (2017) note, we should also consider that the preparation of foods for elite consumption may take place in domestic spaces. Further, quotidian practice does not negate the presence of ritual.…”

Section: Discussion and Conclusion: Peanuts Power And Prestigementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, quotidian practice does not negate the presence of ritual. Thus, the construction of dichotomous ritual and domestic spaces likely leads to interpretive oversimplification in archaeology (Sayre and Whitehead 2017:136). We believe, however, that it would be fruitful to further investigate the preparation and consumption of quotidian meals.…”

Section: Discussion and Conclusion: Peanuts Power And Prestigementioning

confidence: 99%

Peanuts and Power in the Andes: The Social Archaeology of Plant Remains from the Virú Valley, Peru

Masur

Millaire

Blake

2018

Journal of Ethnobiology

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We present new data highlighting the symbolic and ritual association of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) on the north coast of Peru during the Early Intermediate Period (200 BC to AD 800). Recent paleoethnobotanical work at the two Virú polity sites of Huaca Gallinazo and Huaca Santa Clara has revealed a distinctive distribution of peanut remains in contexts associated with elite and ceremonial practice, including performative feasting and burial ritual. In contrast, peanuts were rarely recovered from domestic spaces associated with quotidian practice. Furthermore, unlike staple crops such as maize (Zea mays) or beans (Phaseolus spp.), their low frequencies in state-run storage facilities suggest peanuts did not have a significant role in the polity-wide redistribution economy. Information drawn from historical documents and archaeological excavation beyond the Virú Valley likewise suggests differential consumption of peanuts, which were largely linked to ritual practice across the greater Andean region.

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“…Lineage houses hosted feasts and other rituals celebrating shared ancestors (Nash 2010; 2012). Residents of the vernacular structures contributed resources and labour to events held within the lineage houses, where interior patios ensured sustained face-to-face interactions (Jennings et al in press; Nash 2010; Rosenfeld 2012; Sayre & Whitehead 2017). People dined with, and sometimes intentionally smashed, symbolically laden jars, cups and bowls, and drank hallucinogen-laced beer for a shared psychotropic experience (Biwer et al 2022; Cook & Glowacki 2003; Nishizawa 2011).…”

Section: Ayllus and Wari State-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By now ubiquitous at Huari and Conchopata, these buildings had curved walls with niches, a single entrance in their straight wall and, typically, a small courtyard around the entrance (Bragayrac 1991; Cook 2001). The link between the lineage houses and D-shaped enclosures remains unclear, but the latter spaces also served as locations for feasts and other group rituals (Sayre & Whitehead 2017; Tung & Knudson 2010). D-shaped temples and their courtyards could generally fit more people than an individual lineage house's internal patio, but associated events could still gather just a small subset of a city's population.…”

Section: Ayllus and Wari State-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ayllus, Ancestors and the (Un)Making of the Wari State

Jennings

Berquist²

2022

CAJ

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At the time of the Spanish invasion, central Andean society was organized around ayllus. These extensive social units, bound together by kinship, reciprocity, land claims, honoured ancestors and other criteria, are an example of the kin-based sodalities that have long been seen in political science as impediments to state development. Class should replace kin when large and complex polities like the Inca Empire form, and groups like the ayllu should fade away. This article seeks to re-evaluate the role played by kin-based sodalities in early state formation and expansion through a case study of the Wari State (ce 600–1000). We argue that the decades-long development of ayllus was a reaction to incipient urbanization, surging interregional interaction and the other challenges associated with Wari's rise. Ayllu development created a more heterarchical political structure that would endure some 200 years into the polity's existence. Elite efforts to consolidate power in the ninth century ce ultimately led to the polity's decline and highlight the need to develop more dynamic models of urbanization and state formation in the Andes and elsewhere.

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Ritual and Plant Use at Conchopata: An Andean Middle Horizon Site

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Beyond exotic goods: Wari elites and regional interaction in the Andes during the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000)

Beyond exotic goods: Wari elites and regional interaction in the Andes during the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000)

Peanuts and Power in the Andes: The Social Archaeology of Plant Remains from the Virú Valley, Peru

Ayllus, Ancestors and the (Un)Making of the Wari State

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