Rittmann volcano, Antarctica as the source of a widespread 1252 ± 2 CE tephra layer in Antarctica ice

Volcanic Fluxes Over the Last Millennium as Recorded in the Gv7 Ice Core (Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica)

“…This age is consistent with the spike in nssSO 4 2− concentration at a depth of 183.07 m, where traces of volcanic materials (tephra) were visible to the naked eye. Such a tephra layer was already observed and accurately dated in ice [32,47] and marine cores [48] and was recently attributed to the eruption of Mount Rittmann that occurred in 1254, according to Narcisi et al [47], or in 1252 ± 2 according to Lee et al [49]. The complete list of the known volcanoes found in the nssSO 4 2− profile, their location, type, and altitude are reported in Table 1, while the nssSO 4 2− concentration throughout the whole ice core and the volcanic signatures are reported in Figure 2.…”

Magmatism in Antarctica and its relation to Zealandia

“…Mount Melbourne and Mount Berlin (Fig. 2) have also been the source of numerous englacial tephra, together with tephra identified with Mount Takahe, Mount Waesche, Mount Rittman and possibly The Pleiades (Lee et al 2019;Dunbar et al in press;Fig. 2).…”

Introduction to volcanism in Antarctica: 200 million years of subduction, rifting and continental break-up

“…Mount Erebus also hosts the world's only semi-permanent phonolite lava lake. The presence of relict heat (Mount Berlin, Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann) and abundant englacial and marine tephras sourced in Mount Takahe, Mount Berlin, Mount Waesche, Mount Rittmann and, possibly, The Pleiades indicate that many others were active in recent geological time (<10 ka: Lee et al 2019;Dunbar et al 2021;Gambino et al 2021;Narcisi and Petit 2021;Di Roberto et al 2021). Three of the volcanoes are, or have been, monitored (Deception Island, Mount Erebus and Mount Melbourne) but only one has published hazard and risk assessments (Deception Island: Bartolini et al 2014;Pedrazzi et al 2018;Geyer et al 2021).…”