RISUS study: Rugby Injury Surveillance in Ulster Schools

Archbold, H. A. P.; Rankin, Alan; Webb, Michael; Nicholas, Richard; Eames, Niall; Wilson, Ronald W.; Henderson, L; Heyes, Gavin; Bleakley, Chris

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-095491

Cited by 67 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…High injury rates to the shoulder and upper limb have been found previously in rugby studies on adolescent, 13 amateur, 26 and professional players. 27 This is due to the high number of contact situations during matches and their propensity to cause injury.…”

supporting

confidence: 50%

“…Similarly, a match injury incidence rate of 29 per 1000 player-hours was reported for under-18 rugby athletes in 28 schools in Ireland during the 2014-2015 season. 13 Both groups used the same time-loss injury definition and included teams of an equivalent age and standard as the non-AASE cohort, allowing for comparisons between studies.…”

Section: Injury Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar reasoning might account for the greater incidence of concussion reported during AASE matches (20/1000 h) than in slightly dated studies (ranging from 1981-2010) reported by Kirkwood et al 16 However, the concussion incidence in non-AASE matches (4/1000 h) was much lower and comparable with data from schoolboy rugby in Ireland. 13 The difference in concussion rates between groups could be related to differences in the medical care provided at AASE matches compared with non-AASE matches. All AASE matches are required to be covered by a health care professional with the RFU Immediate Care in Sport qualification.…”

Section: Injury Location and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further concern regarding schoolboy injury surveillance is that much of the research is now dated; for example, the latest study from England was conducted in the 2006-2008 seasons, 12 although a recent study 13 of Irish schoolboy rugby union has provided some valuable insight into injury risk. Since the last study 12 in English schoolboy rugby, competitions in England have been restructured, including the creation of the under-18 Achieving Academic and Sporting Excellence (AASE) league in late 2008.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Injury in Elite English Schoolboy Rugby Union: A 3-Year Study Comparing Different Competitions

Barden

Stokes

2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Injury risks in professional and community rugby union have been extensively described; however, less is known about injury epidemiology at the schoolboy level.Objective: To investigate the injury risk in English schoolboy rugby union matches, comparing an elite competition (Achieving Academic and Sporting Excellence [AASE]) with subelite matches (non-AASE).Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Rugby union academy, consisting of 16-to 19-year-old males, based at an elite sports college in England.Patients or Other Participants: A total of 132 participants (mean age ¼ 17.5 years) were included in the study; 64 athletes experienced a total of 103 time-loss injuries over a 3-season period (2012)(2013)(2014)(2015). All injuries were assessed and recorded by the team therapist using consensus statement definitions.Main Outcome Measure(s): Injury characteristics were recorded and compared between groups. Primary outcome measures were injury incidence (per 1000 h match exposure) and injury burden (days absent/1000 h), and rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals are presented throughout.Results: A total of 131 matches were played (34 AASE, 97 non-AASE) and a total of 103 injuries were recorded (47 AASE, 56 non-AASE). The injury incidence in AASE matches (77/1000 h) was greater than in non-AASE matches (34/1000 h). The concussion incidence in AASE matches (20/1000 h) was 5 times that of non-AASE matches (4/1000 h). The head/face had the highest injury incidence for a specific location, followed by the shoulder region (AASE ¼ 19/1000 h, non-AASE ¼ 5/1000 h), which had the greatest injury burden (553/1000 h and 105/1000 h, respectively) for any specific body location. More than 50% of all injuries were associated with tackles.Conclusions: A much greater incidence of all injuries occurred at the highest level of competition, and the concussion incidence was greater than that reported in any previously published study of youth rugby. Given the high incidence and burden of concussions and shoulder injuries, prevention and management deserve specific focus.Key Words: adolescents, injuries, youths, sport, upper limb, concussion Key PointsPlaying in the more elite level of competition (Achieving Academic and Sporting Excellence [AASE] matches) was associated with a greater risk of injury, with an incidence rate difference of 43/1000 player-hours. The concussion incidence was 20/1000 player-hours in AASE matches, which was 5 times greater than the rate of 4/ 1000 player-hours in non-AASE matches and those in published studies of both youth and professional rugby. Shoulder injuries constituted the largest injury burden and the second highest incidence rate in the AASE group.

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supporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Injury Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Injury Location and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Injury in Elite English Schoolboy Rugby Union: A 3-Year Study Comparing Different Competitions

Barden

Stokes

2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Au Canada, l'incidence des SRC est près de 4 fois plus élevée lorsque la mise en échec est permise (cas des joueurs Pee-wees de l'Alberta) que lorsqu'elle est interdite (joueurs du Québec) [55] ; -le type d'exercices réalisés à l'entraînement. Les sessions d'entraînement avec contact génèrent 4 fois plus de SRC que les sessions où les contacts ne sont pas autorisés [54,56] ; -la surface sur laquelle le sport est pratiqué (bitume, gazon, etc.). McGuine et al indiquent que 10,4 % des SRC sont consécutives à un choc avec le sol.…”

Section: Facteurs Influençant La Survenue Et/ou La Gravité D'une Srcunclassified

Intérêt du port d’un protège-dents dans la diminution de l’incidence et/ou de la gravité des commotions cérébrales dans le sport

Gunepin

Derache

Dagain

et al. 2016

Med Buccale Chir Buccale

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Résumé -Introduction :La commotion cérébrale dans le sport ou Sport-Related Concussion (SRC) est un processus complexe se traduisant par un trouble de fonctionnement du cerveau. Son incidence ne cesse d'augmenter car la mise en place de mesures efficaces de prévention achoppe sur les zones d'incertitude entourant les SRC (diagnostic, traitements, etc.). Revue de littérature : Dans les années 1960, certains auteurs ont avancé l'hypothèse que le port d'un protège-dents ou protection intrabuccale (PIB) permettrait de prévenir la survenue de SRC. Depuis, des études confirmant ou infirmant cette hypothèse sont régulièrement publiées. Une analyse de la littérature permet de comprendre cette controverse et de distinguer ce qui est avéré de ce qui est supposé. Conclusion : Actuellement, sur la base d'arguments scientifiques, le port de PIB ne peut et ne doit pas être recommandé dans la prévention des SRC. La surestimation des effets protecteurs de la PIB risquerait d'engendrer une augmentation des comportements à risque chez les sportifs qui se sentiraient protégés alors qu'ils ne le seraient pas et ainsi d'augmenter paradoxalement la survenue de SRC. En revanche, l'efficacité des PIB dans la prévention des lésions oro-faciales étant scientifiquement prouvée, c'est à cette fin qu'elles doivent être recommandées pour la pratique sportive.Abstract -Investigation of the use of a mouthguard for decreasing the incidence and/or severity of sportrelated concussions. Introduction: Concussion in sport, so-called sport-related concussion (SRC), is a complex pathophysiological process resulting in the impairment of the brain. Its incidence is increasing due to the uncertainty surrounding SRC (diagnosis, management, etc.). Literature review: In the 1960's, some authors put forth the hypothesis that the use of a mouthguard could prevent the occurrence of SRC. Since then, many studies confirming or invalidating this hypothesis have been published regularly. An analysis of the literature allows us to understand this situation and distinguish between what is proven and what is supposed. Conclusion: Currently, on the basis of the scientific evidence, the use of a mouthguard cannot and must not be recommended for the prevention of SRC. The overestimation of the protective effects of a mouthguard can lead to an increase in risk behaviours in sportspeople, who feel protected while they are not. This can result in a paradoxical increase in SRC. However, mouthguards have been shown to be effective in preventing dental and orofacial injuries. For this reason, mouthguards should continue to be recommended and used in sport activities.

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Injury patterns in U15 rugby players in Ulster schools: A Rugby Injury Surveillance (RISUS) Study

Archbold

Rankin²,

Webb

et al. 2021

Transl Sports Med

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Participation in collision sports such as rugby union has inherent risk of injury. The aim of this study was to examine injury patterns and risk factors in adolescent rugby players (U15 years). A prospective injury surveillance study was undertaken involving 26 schools (599 male rugby players, mean age 14.7years). Data were collected over the 2016/17 playing season, with injuries classified by body part and diagnosis. We explored the association between risk factors (demographic/biometric; injury history, protective equipment, training profile, level of play) using cox proportional hazard models with time to injury as the dependent variable. Nearly, 30% of players (178/599) suffered at least one injury. Injury incidence is estimated at 14.7 injuries/1000 match hours. Most injuries occurred in the tackle situation (64.6%, 135/209). Common injury sites were head/face (n = 95, 45.5%), ankle (n = 21, 10.0%), or wrist/hand (n = 15, 7.2%). Concussion (n = 79, 37.8%), wrist/ hand fractures (n = 19, 9.1%), or ankle sprains (n = 16, 7.6%) were the most common diagnoses. Seven concussions (8.9%) resulted in more than 28 days absence from play. A higher risk of injury was associated with: previous concussion (AHR 1.45; 95% CI 1.02 to 2.06), and any previous injury (AHR 1.85; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.78). One in three U15 rugby players sustained an injury over a single playing season. Concussion remains a concern in this age group and should be prioritized in future research.

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RISUS study: Rugby Injury Surveillance in Ulster Schools

Cited by 67 publications

References 31 publications

Epidemiology of Injury in Elite English Schoolboy Rugby Union: A 3-Year Study Comparing Different Competitions

Epidemiology of Injury in Elite English Schoolboy Rugby Union: A 3-Year Study Comparing Different Competitions

Intérêt du port d’un protège-dents dans la diminution de l’incidence et/ou de la gravité des commotions cérébrales dans le sport

Injury patterns in U15 rugby players in Ulster schools: A Rugby Injury Surveillance (RISUS) Study

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