Risperidone or Aripiprazole Can Resolve Autism Core Signs and Symptoms in Young Children: Case Study

Alsayouf, Hamza A.; Talo, Haitham; Biddappa, Marisa L; Reyes, Emily de los

doi:10.3390/children8050318

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The current study supports the ndings of our two previously published case series [30,31], in which the chronic use of risperidone or aripiprazole, along with standard supportive therapies and with or without ADHD medication (methylphenidate or atomoxetine), was shown to improve the core signs and symptoms of ASD in young children. This treatment approach was effective in improving the CGI-I score of 79/82 patients (96%) to 2 or 1, with 35/82 patients (43%) experiencing complete remission of their symptoms (CGI-I score of 1 and CARS2-ST score of < 30) as a result of early and chronic therapy of at least 6 months in duration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Risperidone and Aripiprazole in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Substantially Improves Core Signs and Symptoms in Combination with Standard Supportive Therapies: A Large, Single-Center, Retrospective Case Series

ALSAYOUF¹,

Talo²,

Marisa³

2022

Preprint

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Background: There are a number of medications prescribed to address comorbid challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including risperidone and aripiprazole. This retrospective case series reports the use of these drugs in children aged 2 to 13 years.Methodology: A total of 82 children (mean age, 5 years; 79% male) with ASD treated at the Kids Neuro Clinic and Rehab Center in Dubai between January 2020 and September 2021 were included in this retrospective case series. All patients had comorbid challenging behaviors that were resistant to standard supportive therapies alone and warranted pharmacological intervention. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale – 2nd Edition Standard form (CARS2-ST) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) – Severity (CGI-S) and CGI – Improvement (CGI-I) scales were used to assess the severity of ASD at baseline and to monitor response to treatment with risperidone or aripiprazole. Results: Besides the expected improvement in comorbid challenging behaviors, 79/82 patients (96%) attained a CGI-I score of 2 or 1 following treatment, and 35/82 patients (43%) achieved both a CGI-I score of 1 and minimal-to-no symptoms as per the CARS2-ST test, with complete resolution of their ASD signs and symptoms. The differences in the overall mean CARS2-ST and CGI-S scores pre- and post-treatment were statistically significant (Z = −7.86, P < 0.0001 for both), with pre- and post-treatment mean values of 42 and 23 for CARS2-ST, respectively, and 6 and 2 for CGI-S, respectively. The main side effects were asymptomatic elevated prolactin (n=12) and excessive weight gain (n=2).Conclusion: When combined with standard supportive therapies, chronic treatment with antipsychotic medications, either with or without medications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, was well tolerated and effective in the treatment of ASD core symptoms and comorbid behaviors in young children. Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to verify these findings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…We used the same treatment protocol as that published previously [30,31]. Patients were prescribed either risperidone or aripiprazole [12,13].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risperidone and Aripiprazole in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Substantially Improves Core Signs and Symptoms in Combination with Standard Supportive Therapies: A Large, Single-Center, Retrospective Case Series

ALSAYOUF¹,

Talo²,

Marisa³

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Current pharmacological treatment of ASDs includes antidepressants, anxiolytics and atypical antipsychotics 36 , 71 – 73 . Only two medications have been approved by the US FDA as useful for alleviating irritability, aggression and self-injury and stereotypy disorders, but not sociability defects, in autism: risperidone (Risperdal ® ), and aripiprazole (Abilify ® ) 74 , 75 . Normalization of BDNF levels following effective treatment with these antipsychotics has been reported 76 , 77 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BDNF, proBDNF and IGF-1 serum levels in naïve and medicated subjects with autism

Robinson-Agramonte

Michalski

Vidal-Martinez³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) promote the development and maintenance of neural circuits. Alterations in these factors might contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We asked whether serum BDNF, proBDNF, and IGF-1 levels are altered in an ASD population compared to controls. We measured serum BDNF, proBDNF, and IGF-1 immunoreactive protein in boys and girls aged 5–15 years old with mild to moderate ASD and non-autistic controls by ELISA. IGF-1 was increased in ASD serum compared to controls and was correlated with age and with CARS scores. Serum BDNF levels did not differ between groups, however, proBDNF serum levels were decreased in subjects with ASD compared to non-autistic controls. Medicated, but not unmedicated, ASD subjects exhibited lower serum proBDNF levels compared to controls, while neither IGF-1 nor BDNF levels differed between treatment groups. These data support the involvement of proBDNF and IGF-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of autism.

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“…[9] In contrast, pharmacological treatment is not currently a common intervention, but it has a certain alleviating effect on some ASD symptoms. [10] All of the above treatments have contributed to the recovery of children with ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese medicine intervention for autism spectrum disorders: Retraction

Xiang

Jiang

et al. 2022

Medicine

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Background:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication, social interaction, and restrictive or repetitive behaviors. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in the clinical management of ASD, especially in mainland China, where studies have shown promising efficacy. However, this remains to be further explored and clarified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of conventional treatment-based TCM interventions for ASD.Method:The study will be conducted from January 2022, and the following electronic databases will be searched: China Biological Medicine Database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, Wan Fang database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE Database. Only randomized controlled trials of TCM interventions for ASD will be included. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale, Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, and Childhood Autism Rating Scale will be the primary outcome indicators. The methodological quality of this Bayesian-based network meta-analysis will be performed using the “Risk of Bias” tool. Stata 14.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 will be used to analyze the data. In addition, assessment of heterogeneity, inconsistency, subgroups, sensitivity, and publication bias will be conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration's tools.Results:The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.Conclusion:This study will help patients recover better, provide clinical evidence for practitioners, and promote the use of TCM in ASD interventions.

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Risperidone or Aripiprazole Can Resolve Autism Core Signs and Symptoms in Young Children: Case Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 62 publications

Risperidone and Aripiprazole in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Substantially Improves Core Signs and Symptoms in Combination with Standard Supportive Therapies: A Large, Single-Center, Retrospective Case Series

Risperidone and Aripiprazole in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Substantially Improves Core Signs and Symptoms in Combination with Standard Supportive Therapies: A Large, Single-Center, Retrospective Case Series

BDNF, proBDNF and IGF-1 serum levels in naïve and medicated subjects with autism

Traditional Chinese medicine intervention for autism spectrum disorders: Retraction

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