Risperidone Dosing in Children and Adolescents with Autistic Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Kent, Justine; Kushner, Stuart; Ning, Xiaoping; Karcher, Keith; Ness, Seth; Aman, Michael G.; Singh, Jaskaran; Hough, David

doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1723-5

Cited by 107 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…From the 10 trials comparing risperidone to placebo , mean weight gain with risperidone was 2.04 kg (Table ). The majority were short‐term studies (3–8 weeks), although in two studies the trial duration was 6 months .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where studies compared more than one dose of risperidone to placebo, only the highest dose is shown in the table. Three studies reported a significant weight gain with risperidone and six showed a non‐significant trend for weight gain with the medication . Several other studies did not meet the specific inclusion criteria, as they were not randomized controlled trials, but they assist in forming an impression of risperidone‐related weight gain and a short discussion therefore follows.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of antidepressants and antipsychotics on weight gain in children and adolescents

et al. 2015

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Psychiatric illness in the paediatric population is increasing and the weight effect of medications for these problems is often unclear. A comprehensive literature search was undertaken to identify studies reporting weight in relation to antipsychotic and antidepressant use in children and adolescents. From 636 articles, 42 were selected for review. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) do not cause weight gain and may lead to improvements in weight status over the short, but not, long term. Antipsychotics were generally associated with weight gain. In drug comparison studies, risperidone had a larger weight gain effect than lithium, divalproex sodium and pimozide. Studies assessing the weight-protective effects of augmentation therapy with metformin or topiramate show less weight gain with addition of these agents. In conclusion, prescribing of SSRIs and SNRIs may be associated with improvements in weight status in children and adolescents but trials assessing their use in obesity, outside of established psychiatric illness, are limited and still experimental. Youth prescribed antipsychotic medication should be monitored for exaggerated weight gain and in those where obesity is a pre-existing concern agents other than olanzapine, clozapine and risperidone may be advantageous.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of antidepressants and antipsychotics on weight gain in children and adolescents

et al. 2015

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“…However, significant side-effects are associated with risperidone use, including weight gain from increased appetite, drowsiness, and increased levels of the hormone prolactin, which is produced by the pituitary gland and which can have a feminizing effect on both females and males [109]. The frequency of side-effects appears to be dose-related [110], and while weight gain is common, somnolence more significantly influences the discontinuation of treatment [111]. In 2009, following evaluation of short-term efficacy and safety, the FDA also approved aripiprazole, a third-generation atypical antipsychotic, for the treatment of irritability associated with ASD in children and adolescents [112, 113].…”

Section: Treatment Options In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Heterogeneity and Treatment Options

et al. 2017

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Since the documented observations of Kanner in 1943, there has been great debate about the diagnoses, the sub-types, and the diagnostic threshold that relates to what is now known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Reflecting this complicated history, there has been continual refinement from DSM-III with ‘Infantile Autism’ to the current DSM-V diagnosis. The disorder is now widely accepted as a complex, pervasive, heterogeneous condition with multiple etiologies, sub-types, and developmental trajectories. Diagnosis remains based on observation of atypical behaviors, with criteria of persistent deficits in social communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. This review provides a broad overview of the history, prevalence, etiology, clinical presentation, and heterogeneity of ASD. Factors contributing to heterogeneity, including genetic variability, comorbidity, and gender are reviewed. We then explore current evidence-based pharmacological and behavioral treatments for ASD and highlight the complexities of conducting clinical trials that evaluate therapeutic efficacy in ASD populations. Finally, we discuss the potential of a new wave of research examining objective biomarkers to facilitate the evaluation of sub-typing, diagnosis, and treatment response in ASD.

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“…Nonetheless, it is noteworthy that risperidone is approved for use in children with autism, a disorder that is characterized by impaired social interaction. Some clinical studies (Jesner, Aref-Adib, & Coren, 2007; Scahill et al, 2013), but not all (Kent et al, 2013), have shown that risperidone alleviates social withdrawal in autism. From a translational point of view, our results suggest that the clinical impact of risperidone on developmental social behavior be monitored not only during the peak of active treatment but also throughout an entire dosing period.…”

Section: 0 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life risperidone administration alters maternal–offspring interactions and juvenile play fighting

Gannon

Brown

Stevens

et al. 2015

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Risperidone is an antipsychotic drug that is approved for use in childhood psychiatric disorders such as autism. One concern regarding the use of this drug in pediatric populations is that it may interfere with social interactions that serve to nurture brain development. This study used rats to assess the impact of risperidone administration on maternal-offspring interactions and juvenile play fighting between cage mates. Mixed-sex litters received daily subcutaneous injections of vehicle or 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg of risperidone between postnatal days (PNDs) 14-42. Rats were weaned and housed three per cage on PND 21. In observations made between PNDs 14-17, risperidone significantly suppressed several aspects of maternal-offspring interactions at one-hour post-injection. At 23 hours post-injection, pups administered risperidone had lower activity scores and made fewer non-nursing contacts with their moms. In observations of play-fighting behavior made once a week between PNDs 22-42, risperidone profoundly decreased many forms of social interaction at one hour post-injection. At 23 hours post-injection, rats administered risperidone made more non-social contacts with their cage mates, but engaged in less social grooming. Risperidone administration to rats at ages analogous to early childhood through adolescence in humans produces a pattern of abnormal social interactions across the day that could impact how such interactions influence brain development.

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Risperidone Dosing in Children and Adolescents with Autistic Disorder: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Cited by 107 publications

References 27 publications

The effect of antidepressants and antipsychotics on weight gain in children and adolescents

The effect of antidepressants and antipsychotics on weight gain in children and adolescents

An Overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Heterogeneity and Treatment Options

Early-life risperidone administration alters maternal–offspring interactions and juvenile play fighting

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