Risky sexual behavior among cannabis users: The role of protective behavioral strategies

Buckner, Julia D.; Lewis, Elizabeth; Shah, Sonia M.; Walukevich, Katherine A.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.01.039

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These data are somewhat difficult to interpret in isolation given the examples of potential anticancer effects of cannabis components in preclinical studies of other malignancies, but it is important to note that there has not been evidence of improved clinical oncologic outcomes through cannabis use to date 5 . Outside of the laboratory, behavioral studies have noted riskier sexual practices and co‐use of substances such as tobacco and alcohol in those using cannabis 16‐20 . Linkage between sexual behaviors and both head and neck and gynecologic malignancies is well understood, as are relationships between substance use and malignancy (particularly tobacco and alcohol) 21,22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of cannabis use among individuals with a history of cancer in the United States

Cousins

Jannausch

Coughlin

et al. 2021

Cancer

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Background Patients with cancer have played a key role in advocating for legal access to cannabis, but little is known about links between cancer and cannabis use or cannabis‐related beliefs. The authors used data from a national survey to study these relationships. Methods Nationally representative data collected by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2015 to 2019 were acquired. Patterns of cannabis use and cancer history were examined and tested within age group subpopulations via domain analysis using survey weights. Results Data for 214,505 adults, including 4741 individuals (3.8%) with past (>1 year ago) cancer diagnosis and 1518 individuals (1.2%) with recent (≤1 year ago) cancer diagnosis, were examined. Cannabis use was less common in those with past (8.9%; 95% CI, 8.0%‐9.8%) or recent (9.9%; 95% CI, 6.9%‐11.1%) cancer diagnosis than in those without a history of cancer (15.9%; 95% CI, 15.7%‐16.1%). However, when analyses were stratified by age group, those 18 to 34 years of age were more likely to report past cannabis use, and those 35 to 49 years of age were more likely to report past or recent cannabis use if they had a history of cancer. Younger patients felt that cannabis was more accessible and less risky if they had a history of cancer. Conclusions Patients with cancer were less likely to report cannabis use, but there were different cannabis perceptions and use patterns by age. Age should be considered in studies of cannabis and cancer, and policy initiatives may be needed to aid provision of quality information on cannabis risk to those with cancer. Lay Summary Cannabis (marijuana) use is increasing in the United States, but we do not have much information on the relationship between cannabis use and cancer. We studied information from a representative group of people and found that younger patients generally reported more past and/or recent cannabis use if they had been diagnosed with cancer whereas older individuals did not. Beliefs about cannabis risk and accessibility differed by age. Clinical trials to study cannabis should account for patient age, and accurate information about cannabis should be provided to help patients with cancer make decisions about cannabis use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of cannabis use among individuals with a history of cancer in the United States

Cousins

Jannausch

Coughlin

et al. 2021

Cancer

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“…Alcohol and drug abuse in university students are risk factors for later mental health problems as well, including suicidal ideation, later substance use disorder and poorer perceived health and quality of life [13,17,19,20]. Risky sexual behavior is one of the consequences of most interest for public health, as young-adult users of alcohol and cannabis are at higher risk for engaging in unsafe sex, including sex under the influence of alcohol and sex without a condom [21,22]. Additionally, drug and alcohol use are associated with higher involvement in risky driving behavior [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Abuse and Illegal Drug Consumption in University Students: A Mediating Analysis

Delgado-Lobete

Montes-Montes

Vila-Paz

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Substance abuse is a major and prevalent public health concern among university students. Tobacco smoking, risky alcohol behavior, and illegal drug consumption may lead to health problems and behavioral and academic issues. Several individual and environmental factors associate with substance abuse in this population, and the mediating effect of alcohol abuse in the relationship between tobacco smoking and drug consumption is yet to be explored. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the association of individual and environmental factors and substance use, and to analyze the relationship between tobacco smoking, alcohol abuse, and drug consumption, considering alcohol abuse as a possible mediator. A total of 550 Spanish undergraduate and postgraduate students completed several questionnaires regarding their smoking status, alcohol use, and drug consumption during the last six months. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore associations between factors. Direct, indirect and mediating effects were tested using a partial least squares approach (PLS-SEM). The results indicated that substance abuse is associated with being male, living with other students, and combined substance consumption. PLS-SEM showed a significant effect of tobacco smoking and alcohol abuse on drug consumption. Alcohol abuse plays a mediating role in the relationship between tobacco smoking and drug use.

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“…Additional studies have examined the extent to which PBS mediates the relationship between sensation seeking and cannabis-related consequences (Neugebauer et al, 2019), insomnia symptoms and problematic cannabis-use (Wong et al, 2019), cannabis-use status and condom use (Buckner et al, 2018), and sexual orientation (Parnes et al, 2018). In all, PBS was found to significantly mediate the hypothesized relationships; a finding that continues to guide research and inform clinical practice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of measures of protective behavioral strategies across various risk factors and associated PBS-related interventions.

Peterson

Kramer

Pinto

et al. 2021

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Harm reduction is a framework that places substance use on a spectrum from total abstinence to continued controlled use. Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are a set of individually implemented harm reduction strategies that have shown to reduce the rate of use and severity of consequences from risky behaviors. Previous research has shown that PBS use effectively reduces negative consequences. The present study provides an overview of the literature on PBS measures for various risk behaviors, and common interventions used in conjunction with PBS. Of the articles reviewed, 15 validated PBS measures were found and eight distinct categories of PBS interventions. The 15 measures reviewed included risk factors such as alcohol use/consequences (n = 8), dating and sexual behaviors (n = 4), gambling (n = 1), cannabis (n = 1), and condom use (n = 1). A survey of the literature produced eight distinct categories of interventions with varying degrees of effectiveness: (a) Brief Motivational Interventions, (b) Personalized Normative Feedback, (c) PBS Skills Training, (d) PBS Instruction, (e) Deviance Regulation Theory Interventions, (f) Behavioral Economic Based Interventions, (g) Counterfactual Thinking and (h) Episodic Future Thinking. Findings from the present study corroborate the notion that PBS effectively reduce negative consequences associated with behaviors, such as negative alcohol-related consequences, harmful cannabis use, and adverse sexual outcomes. Research on interventions targeting PBS is lacking in areas outside of alcohol use. Within alcohol use, the utility of interventions varies widely. Understanding the reason for this discrepancy is an important area for future research.

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Risky sexual behavior among cannabis users: The role of protective behavioral strategies

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Prevalence of cannabis use among individuals with a history of cancer in the United States

Prevalence of cannabis use among individuals with a history of cancer in the United States

Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Abuse and Illegal Drug Consumption in University Students: A Mediating Analysis

A comprehensive review of measures of protective behavioral strategies across various risk factors and associated PBS-related interventions.

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