Risks of LNG and LPG

Fay, James A.

doi:10.1146/annurev.eg.05.110180.000513

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Containers with propane gas can explode in terms of fireballs or vapor cloud explosions . Propane can also explode in confined spaces . Another important hazard associated with propane storage and transportation is BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion); many times, BLEVEs have caused huge damage in life and assets due to the accompanying fire ball and blast .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations reference standards from American National Standard Institute (ANSI) and National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA). NFPA 54 (national fuel gas code) and NFPA 58 (liquified petroleum gas code) are standards dealing with LPG . In the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, 60–70% of LPG incidents occurred during road transportation, during process activities, and at domestic/commercial premises, out of which the highest contribution is from road transport, followed by domestic/commercial usage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Propane can also explode in confined spaces. 8 Another important hazard associated with propane storage and transportation is BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion); many times, BLEVEs have caused huge damage in life and assets due to the accompanying fire ball and blast. 10 Several large-scale incidents that were caused by propane and liquid natural gas (LNG) have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns and Trends in Injuries Due to Consumer Propane Incidents

Roy

Laboureur

et al. 2020

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

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Propane is used in various products regularly in day to day life. Often the hazards due to consumer propane products are overlooked. The events due to consumer propane are usually medium- to high-frequency low-consequence events. The present study analyzes the trends in injuries from 2002 to 2016 with various factors like sex, location, time, and age to emphasize the importance of hazards at the consumer level due to propane and products using propane. 68 275 incidents have been estimated due to consumer propane from 2002 to 2016 which had highest injuries as burns. The face was the most affected body part. Several recommendations have been proposed for consumers and the consumer propane market based on the study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns and Trends in Injuries Due to Consumer Propane Incidents

Roy

Laboureur

et al. 2020

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

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“…The potential hazard of the transportation of liquefied flammable chemicals has long been recognized. Fay [1] discussed the storage and transport of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Estimates of the risks associated with spills have been investigated, but in general, the complex coupling of the gas vapor dispersion with the liquid spill event, particularly in conjunction with convective air flows, has not been adequately addressed to provide reliable assessment for inputs of flammable vapor cloud size for explosion and fire models [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the spill and vaporization of a volatile liquid

Bohl

Jackson

2007

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Deficiencies in methodology have constrained its usefulness in the resolution of major public policy issues and may continue to do so for some time (Fay, 1980;Fischhoff et al, 1980). Four problems in particular are worthy of mention:…”

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confidence: 99%

Reply to hosticka on risk- and cost-benefit analysis

Nemetz

Vining

1982

Policy Sci

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We have read Professor Hosticka's comments on our "Biology-Policy Interface" article with great interest. In essence, Hosticka has concluded that our critical assessment of risk-and cost-benefit analysis is focussed on one narrow area (i.e., deficiencies in the epistemological environment in which the technique is applied) and that we take the inherent value of these techniques for granted. In turn, Hosticka provides a description of other problems which he thinks are more important in the evaluation of cost-benefit analysis as an instrument of social decision making.We are somewhat ambivalent about Hosticka's commentary. On the one hand, he has raised interesting and useful questions concerning the role of risk-and cost-benefit analysis. On the other hand, it is our contention that he has based his case on a critique of how these techniques have been used or misused rather than how they can or should be used. We will divide our remarks into two sections: (i) a reaffirmation of our original thesis, and (ii) a critique of Hosticka's position. Epistemological Issues in Risk-Benefit AnalysisIt was never our intention to provide an exhaustive treatment of all the complexities and problems inherent in the practical application of risk-and cost-benefit analysis; instead, we chose to focus our discussion on one critical and contentious issue deemed worthy of further analysis. Despite Hosticka's comments, the epistemological issues facing risk-benefit analysis pose non-trivial and indeed substantial challenges to the extent to which this methodology can be utilized in the decision-making process. Risk-benefit is the child of the marriage of cost-benefit analysis and probabilistic risk assessment. As such, it is genetically burdened with some of its parents' imperfections. This methodology was the principal focus of our concern.Risk analysis is a relatively new discipline which has gained increasing attention, and a touch of notoriety, especially through its use in the assessment of energy-related catastrophic accidents (see for example, Lewis, 1978; U.S.N.R.C., 1979). Deficiencies in methodology have constrained its usefulness in the resolution of major public policy

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Risks of LNG and LPG

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Patterns and Trends in Injuries Due to Consumer Propane Incidents

Patterns and Trends in Injuries Due to Consumer Propane Incidents

Experimental study of the spill and vaporization of a volatile liquid

Reply to hosticka on risk- and cost-benefit analysis

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