Risks from GMOs due to Horizontal Gene Transfer

Keese, Paul

doi:10.1051/ebr:2008014

Cited by 135 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 257 publications

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“…These and other recent results (Baur et al 1996;Bauer et al 1999;Tsen et al 2002;Sun et al 2006;Wang et al 2007) suggest that non-conjugative plasmids are more mobile than was previously thought. Reevaluation of plasmid dynamics in various environments is needed to confirm this possibility (Keese 2008;Kelly et al 2008a, b). Time flexibility in culture period as well as medium preservation shown in this study (Table 1) may help the occurrence of lateral plasmid transfer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Horizontal transfer of non-conjugative plasmid in colony biofilm of Escherichia coli on food-based media

Ando

Itakura

Uchii

et al. 2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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We previously showed that non-conjugative, non-viral lateral plasmid transfer occurs in a colony biofilm of mixed Escherichia coli strains cultured on common laboratory media, such as LB agar. In this report, to investigate the possibility of this plasmid transfer under conditions possible outside the laboratory, we examined the activities of foodstuffs and mixed food extracts, which are possible nutrients for bacteria in human environments, for supporting lateral plasmid transfer. Lateral plasmid transfer occurred in colony biofilms grown on several foodstuffs (roasted meats) and on agar media containing mixed food extracts, which consisted of sugar, milk, and extracts of several foodstuffs (vegetables, fruits, and meats). Lateral plasmid transfer did not occur in liquid culture consisting of the same mixed food extracts, suggesting the importance of colony-biofilm formation. These results suggest the possibility that lateral transfer of non-conjugative plasmid between bacterial cells occurs in biofilms grown with foods or food-like nutrients in the environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In human environments, however, it results in the undesirable spread of pathogenic, antibiotic, or artificially engineered genes (Bushman 2002;Keese 2008;Kelly et al 2008a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal transfer of non-conjugative plasmid in colony biofilm of Escherichia coli on food-based media

Ando

Itakura

Uchii

et al. 2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…Some current regulation and practices aim to lower the incidence rate of these events [38]. The latter seems to be very rare among eukaryotes, and Keese [69] describes HGT as presenting "negligible risks to human health or the environment". In fact, the revolutionary aspect of GE is indeed overcoming the extreme difficulty of HGT to increase the potential pool of traits available in crops.…”

Section: Environmental Effect Biodiversity and Sustainable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural GMOs—What We Know and Where Scientists Disagree

2018

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Population growth, climate change, and increasing human impact on land and aquatic systems all pose significant challenges for current agricultural practices. Genetic engineering is a tool to speed up breeding for new varieties, which can help farmers and agricultural systems adapt to rapidly changing physical growing conditions, technology, and global markets. We review the current scientific literature and present the potential of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) from the perspectives of various stakeholders. GMOs increase yields, lower costs, and reduce the land and environmental footprint of agriculture. The benefits of this technology are shared among innovators, farmers, and consumers. Developing countries and poor farmers gain substantially from GMOs. Agricultural biotechnology is diverse, with many applications having different potential impacts. Its regulation needs to balance benefits and risks for each application. Excessive precaution prevents significant benefits. Increasing access to the technology and avoidance of excessive regulation will allow it to reach its potential.

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“…It is always important to establish the strain identity because some algal and cyanobacteria species produce toxins impacting humans and environment. 92,93,94 …”

Section: Recombinant Eukaryotic Microalgae For Pha Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-autotrophic Production of Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) in Cyanobacteria

Drosg¹,

Fritz²,

Gattermayr³

et al. 2015

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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In the last two decades, poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) were solely produced using heterotrophic bacteria in aerobic cultivation. With respect to the great potential (500 Mt yr -1 ) of raw industrial CO 2 streams and even greater potential of flue gases, the focus on photo-autotrophic biotechnological processes is increasing steadily. Primarily, PHA-gene transfer from heterotrophic bacteria into algae and plant cells was attempted, with the intention to combine the known biosynthesis pathway with autotrophic cultivation. The natural occurrence of PHA in cyanobacteria is known at least since 1966. However, cyanobacteria were never considered for commercial production because the PHA amount based on cell mass and based on volumetric productivity is generally very low. Therefore, strain improvements were suggested, either by gene amplification or by suppression of biochemical pathways competing for the cell's acetate pool. In the late 1990s, the success of genetic modification was confirmed experimentally, elevating the cyanobacteria cell's PHA content. With additional optimization, PHB amounts up to 50 % w/w of biomass dry matter or up to about 2.4 g L -1 bioreactor volume could be produced within 11 days. Considering the land use for agriculture and the competition for plant biomass between food, feed, fuel and energy production, the binding of CO 2 in a biotechnological process using photo-autotrophic microorganisms may become a promising option.

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Risks from GMOs due to Horizontal Gene Transfer

Cited by 135 publications

References 257 publications

Horizontal transfer of non-conjugative plasmid in colony biofilm of Escherichia coli on food-based media

Horizontal transfer of non-conjugative plasmid in colony biofilm of Escherichia coli on food-based media

Agricultural GMOs—What We Know and Where Scientists Disagree

Photo-autotrophic Production of Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) in Cyanobacteria

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