Risk to North American Birds from Climate Change-Related Threats

Bateman, Brooke L.; Taylor, Lotem; Wilsey, Chad B.; Wu, Joanna X.; LeBaron, Geoffrey S.; Langham, Gary

doi:10.1101/798694

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Climate change is likely to disrupt these teleconnections, resulting in far-reaching impacts on climate niches of avian species. Again, they may be especially problematic for highly migratory species, and interact with other threats such as land-cover change (129). Some hope for birds to keep pace with global change comes from evidence of avian morphological adaptation to climate change, with reductions in body size in North American species demonstrated over a 40-year period (130).…”

Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

State of the World's Birds

Lees

Haskell

Allinson

et al. 2022

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

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We present an overview of the global spatiotemporal distribution of avian biodiversity, changes in our knowledge of that biodiversity, and the extent to which it is imperilled. Birds are probably the most completely inventoried large taxonomic class of organisms, permitting a uniquely detailed understanding of how the Anthropocene has shaped their distributions and conservation status in space and time. We summarize the threats driving changes in bird species richness and abundance, highlighting the increasingly synergistic interactions between threats such as habitat loss, climate change, and overexploitation. Many metrics of avian biodiversity are exhibiting globally consistent negative trends, with the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List Index showing a steady deterioration in the conservation status of the global avifauna over the past three decades. We identify key measures to counter this loss of avian biodiversity and associated ecosystem services, which will necessitate increased consideration of the social context of bird conservation interventions in order to deliver positive transformative change for nature. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Volume 47 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

State of the World's Birds

Lees

Haskell

Allinson

et al. 2022

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

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“…An increasing number of species are under threat from climate change and many populations are at risk of decreasing in abundance. Consequently, some species have become endangered (Amano et al, 2020;Bateman et al, 2020;Spooner et al, 2018;Tayleur et al, 2016). Therefore, predicting how the range, distribution, abundance, and phenology of species may change in response to a warming climate is a timely and important step in planning actions to mitigate the negative impacts of climate warming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature niche composition change inside and outside protected areas under climate warming

Hintsanen,

Marjakangas,

Santangeli

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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Conservation of biodiversity relies heavily on protected areas but their role and effectiveness under a warming climate is still debated. We estimated the climate‐driven changes in the temperature niche compositions of bird communities inside and outside protected areas in southern Canada. We hypothesized that communities inside protected areas include a higher proportion of cold‐dwelling species than communities outside protected areas. We also hypothesized that communities shift to warm‐dwelling species more slowly inside protected areas than outside. To study community changes, we used large‐scale and long‐term (1997–2019) data from the Breeding Bird Survey of Canada. To describe the temperature niche compositions of bird communities, we calculated the community temperature index (CTI) annually for each community inside and outside protected areas. Generally, warm‐dwelling species dominated communities with high CTI values. We modeled temporal changes in CTI as a function of protection status with linear mixed‐effect models. We also determined which species contributed most to the temporal changes in CTI with a jackknife approach. As anticipated, CTI was lower inside protected areas than outside. However, contrary to our expectation, CTI increased faster over time inside than outside protected areas and warm‐dwelling species contributed most to CTI change inside protected areas. These results highlight the ubiquitous impacts of climate warming. Currently, protected areas can aid cold‐dwelling species by providing habitat, but as the climate warms, the communities’ temperature compositions inside protected areas quickly begin to resemble those outside protected areas, suggesting that protected areas delay the impacts of climate warming on cold‐dwelling species.

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“…The climate-driven changes in species' abundances will therefore mediate both the community structure and functions, and the consequent trajectory of the entire community. Some species are more responsive to changing environmental conditions and may adapt, move or go locally extinct at a higher rate than others (Bateman et al, 2019;Comte et al, 2014;Hällfors et al, 2021;Wu et al, 2018). Predictably, such highly responsive species should influence more strongly the overall response of the community.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying ‘climate keystone species’ as a tool for conserving ecological communities under climate change

Marjakangas,

Santangeli,

Kujala

et al. 2023

Diversity and Distributions

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AimClimate change affects ecological communities via impacts on species. The community's response to climate change can be represented as the temporal trend in a climate‐related functional property that is quantified using a relevant functional trait. Noteworthy, some species influence this response in the community more strongly than others.InnovationLeveraging on the concept of keystone species, we propose that species with a strong effect on the community's functional response to climate change beyond their relative abundance can be considered as ‘climate keystone species’. We develop a stepwise tool to determine species' effects on a community's climate response and identify climate keystone species. We quantify the species‐specific effect by measuring the difference in the community's climate response with and without the species. Next, we identify climate keystone species as those with a strong residual effect after weighting with their relative abundances in the community.Main ConclusionsTo illustrate the use of the stepwise tool with empirical data, we identify climate keystone species that have a strong effect on the change in the average temperature niche in North American bird communities over time and find the identification tool ecologically relevant. Identification of climate keystone species can serve as an additional conservation method to efficiently protect ecological communities and, in turn, the ecosystem functions they provide.

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Risk to North American Birds from Climate Change-Related Threats

Cited by 5 publications

References 109 publications

State of the World's Birds

State of the World's Birds

Temperature niche composition change inside and outside protected areas under climate warming

Identifying ‘climate keystone species’ as a tool for conserving ecological communities under climate change

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