Risk-taking and Impulsive Behaviors: a Comparative Assessment of Three Tasks

Xu, Sihua; Korczykowski, Marc; Zhu, Senhua; Rao, Hengyi

doi:10.2224/sbp.2013.41.3.477

Cited by 66 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Xu et al. (2013) suggested that risk-related cognitive processing mediating the BART behavior may be different than the delay discounting. Delay discounting refers to the degree to which the subjective value of a commodity decreases as a function of a delay in its delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore important to investigate delay discounting among individuals with IGD. Few studies have attempted to compare the performance on the BART, IGT, and Experiential Delay discounting Task (EDT) in IGD (Xu, Korczykowski, Zhu, & Rao, 2013), and the reliability of the trials on these tasks was mixed. Hence, there is a need to compare risk-taking and delay discounting two facets of impulsivity in individuals with IGD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Delay discounting, risk-taking, and rejection sensitivity among individuals with Internet and Video Gaming Disorders

Weinstein¹,

Abu²,

Timor³

et al. 2016

J Behav Addict

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aimsThere is a previous evidence for impulsivity in individuals with Internet and Video Gaming Disorders. The aim of this study was to examine whether Internet and video game addictions are associated with experiential delay discounting, risk-taking, and sensitivity to social rejection using computerized tasks and questionnaires.MethodsTwenty participants (mean age 24, SD = 1.55) with high score on the Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire (POGQ) were compared with 20 participants (mean age 24.8, SD = 1.34) with low score on the POGQ. They performed on computerized Balloon Analog Risk Task and Experiential Delay discounting Task (EDT), and filled in the sensitivity to social rejection questionnaire.ResultsParticipants with high POGQ scores had lower measures of delay discounting, higher measures of risk-taking, and higher measures of sensitivity to social rejection compared with participants with low POGQ scores.DiscussionThe results of this study support the previous evidence of risk-taking and provide new evidence for difficulties in delay discounting and sensitivity to social rejection among those who score high on Internet and video games.Conclusions The results suggest that Internet- and video game-addicted individuals seek immediate gratification and cannot wait for later reward. Furthermore, these individuals spend time in the virtual world, where they feel safe, and avoid social interactions presumably due to fears of social rejection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay discounting, risk-taking, and rejection sensitivity among individuals with Internet and Video Gaming Disorders

Weinstein¹,

Abu²,

Timor³

et al. 2016

J Behav Addict

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the differences in findings could also be related to differences in decision-making paradigms. Prior comparisons of the BART and IGT (Bornovalova et al, 2009; Mata et al, 2012; Xu et al, 2013) have identified important distinctions between the two measures (e.g., differences in pay-off structures, learning requirements, and amount of ambiguity). It is possible that detection of associations between striatal DA signaling and IGT performance requires provocation of the system.…”

Section: 0 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky decision-making and ventral striatal dopamine responses to amphetamine: A positron emission tomography [11C]raclopride study in healthy adults

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have provided compelling evidence that corticolimbic brain regions are integrally involved in human decision-making. Although much less is known about molecular mechanisms, there is growing evidence that the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter system may be an important neural substrate. Thus far, direct examination of DA signaling in human risk-taking has centered onl gambling disorder. Findings from several positron emission tomography (PET) studies suggest that dysfunctions in mesolimbic DA circuits may play an important role in gambling behavior. Nevertheless, interpretation of these findings is currently hampered by a need for better understanding of how individual differences in regional DA function influence normative decision-making in humans. To further our understanding of these processes, we used [11C]raclopride PET to examine associations between ventral striatal (VS) DA responses to amphetamine (AMPH) and risky decision-making in a sample of healthy young adults with no history of psychiatric disorder, Forty-five male and female subjects, ages 18–29 years, completed a computerized version of the IOWA Gambling Task. Participants then underwent two 90-minute PET studies with high specific activity [11C]raclopride. The first scan was preceded by intravenous saline; the second, by intravenous AMPH (0.3 mg/kg). Findings of primary analyses showed that less advantageous decision-making was associated with greater right VS DA release; the relationship did not differ as a function of gender. No associations were observed between risk-taking and left VS DA release or baseline D2/D3 receptor availability in either hemisphere. Overall, the results support notions that variability in striatal DA function may mediate inter-individual differences in risky decision-making in healthy adults, further suggesting that hypersensitive DA circuits may represent a risk pathway in this population.

show abstract

“…Moreover, it presents convincing test-retest characteristics [44, 45]. The software The Psychology Experiment Building Language was used for implementation [46, 47].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When do traumatic experiences alter risk-taking behavior? A machine learning analysis of reports from refugees

Augsburger

Elbert

2017

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to traumatic stressors and subsequent trauma-related mental changes may alter a person’s risk-taking behavior. It is unclear whether this relationship depends on the specific types of traumatic experiences. Moreover, the association has never been tested in displaced individuals with substantial levels of traumatic experiences. The present study assessed risk-taking behavior in 56 displaced individuals by means of the balloon analogue risk task (BART). Exposure to traumatic events, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression were assessed by means of semi-structured interviews. Using a novel statistical approach (stochastic gradient boosting machines), we analyzed predictors of risk-taking behavior. Exposure to organized violence was associated with less risk-taking, as indicated by fewer adjusted pumps in the BART, as was the reported experience of physical abuse and neglect, emotional abuse, and peer violence in childhood. However, civil traumatic stressors, as well as other events during childhood were associated with lower risk taking. This suggests that the association between global risk-taking behavior and exposure to traumatic stress depends on the particular type of the stressors that have been experienced.

show abstract

Risk-taking and Impulsive Behaviors: a Comparative Assessment of Three Tasks

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Delay discounting, risk-taking, and rejection sensitivity among individuals with Internet and Video Gaming Disorders

Delay discounting, risk-taking, and rejection sensitivity among individuals with Internet and Video Gaming Disorders

Risky decision-making and ventral striatal dopamine responses to amphetamine: A positron emission tomography [11C]raclopride study in healthy adults

When do traumatic experiences alter risk-taking behavior? A machine learning analysis of reports from refugees

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About