Risk, resilience, psychological distress, and anxiety at the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Germany

Petzold, Moritz Bruno; Bendau, Antonia; Plag, Jens; Pyrkosch, Lena; Mascarell-Maricic, Lea; Betzler, Felix; Rogoll, Janina; Große, Julia; Ströhle, Andreas

doi:10.1002/brb3.1745

Cited by 374 publications

(426 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Increased anxiety in adults during epidemiological events is not uncommon and has been observed previously, e.g., during the H1N1 pandemic in 2009-2010 [49][50][51]. Unsurprisingly, it has also been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic [52][53][54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Children’s Dental Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Polish Experience

Olszewska

Rzymski

2020

JCM

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Dental fear and anxiety is a significant issue that affects pediatric patients and creates challenges in oral health management. Considering that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, along with its associated sanitary regime, social distancing measures and nationwide quarantines, could itself induce public fears, including in children, it is of great interest to explore whether this situation and the necessity of reorganizing dental care could potentially affect the emotional state of pediatric patients facing a need for urgent dental intervention. The present study assessed the emotional state of children ≤ seven years old (n = 25) requiring dental healthcare during a nationwide quarantine in Poland, as well as the anxiety levels of their caregivers. The Faces Anxiety Scale was adopted, and the evaluation was independently performed by the dentist, caregivers and children themselves. The level of anxiety in caregivers was also measured. As demonstrated, children requiring dental intervention during the nationwide quarantine did not reveal a significantly higher anxiety level as compared to the age- and indication-matched pre-pandemic control group (n = 20), regardless of whether their emotional state was evaluated by the dentist, caregivers, or by themselves. However, the share of children scoring the lowest anxiety level in all assessments was smaller in the pandemic group. Boys in the pandemic group had a higher anxiety level, as indicated by a caregiver assessment, and displayed a negative correlation with age in all three types of evaluation. Moreover, caregiver anxiety levels were higher in the pandemic group as compared to the pre-pandemic subset and revealed stronger correlations with the dental anxiety in children. The results suggest that the reorganization of oral healthcare under the pandemic scenario did not have a profound effect on children’s dental anxiety. Nevertheless, findings in young boys highlight that they may be more vulnerable and require special care to mitigate their anxiety and decrease the risk of dentophobia in the future—these observations must be, however, treated with caution due to the small sample size and require further confirmation. Moreover, it is important to reassure caregivers of the safety of the dental visit during the pandemic to minimize the effect of their own anxiety on dental fears in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Children’s Dental Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Polish Experience

Olszewska

Rzymski

2020

JCM

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“…Again female gender and younger age were risk factors for anxiety and depression ( Solomou and Constantinidou, 2020 ). In Germany over 50% expressed suffering from anxiety and psychological distress ( Petzold et al, 2020 ). In Italy the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was 24.7% and 23.2%; 42.2% had sleep disturbances and, among them, 17.4% reported moderate/severe insomnia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece

Fountoulakis

Apostolidou

Atsiova

et al. 2021

Journal of Affective Disorders

179

135

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Highlights During the lockdown: Clinical depression was present in 9.31% Severe distress was present in 8.5% Increased anxious and depressive emotions were present in more than 40%. 23.31% experienced a relapse of depression 8.96% of cases without previous history, who manifested their first depressive episode. Beliefs in conspiracy theories were widely prevalent, with, on average, at least half of cases accepting various misconceptions. Beliefs in conspiracy theories probably constitute a maladaptive copying mechanism

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“…However, most of the studies published during the current COVID-19 pandemic have focused on psychological distress in the general population and few have focused on individuals with a pre-existing psychiatric disorder. Several studies focusing on the current situation demonstrated that the pandemic and the lockdown increased anxiety and depression in the general population ( Fullana et al, 2020 )( Petzold et al, 2020 )( Salari et al, 2020 )( Wang et al, 2020 )( Xiong et al, 2020 ). Different factors which may influence this increase in anxiety, stress and depression include: duration of lockdown and social distancing, lack of psychological or physical coping strategies, facing great changes, financial issues, changes in sleep and dietary patterns, and disruption of daily routines, amongst others ( Salari et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: - Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in Spain: comparison between community controls and patients with a psychiatric disorder. Preliminary results from the BRIS-MHC STUDY.

Solé

Verdolini

Amoretti

et al. 2021

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Risk, resilience, psychological distress, and anxiety at the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Germany

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 374 publications

References 24 publications

Children’s Dental Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Polish Experience

Children’s Dental Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Polish Experience

Self-reported changes in anxiety, depression and suicidality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in Spain: comparison between community controls and patients with a psychiatric disorder. Preliminary results from the BRIS-MHC STUDY.

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