Risk of transmission of HIV by seronegative blood

Chiewsilp, P; Isarangkura, P; Poonkasem, Arin; Iamsilp, W; Khamenkhetkran, Manee; Stabunswadigan, Sunee

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)92650-q

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Such a projection is consistent with studies of HIV-antigen screening in low [26,31] and high [32][33][34] infectious. [21] If the sensitivity of anti-HBc for infectious window phase donations is estimated at 9% and the current prevalence of window phase infections at 0.00044% (1 in 225,000), discontinuation of anti-HBc screening would increase the risk of HIV from transfusions 1.09-fold to 0.00048%, while preserving 228,000 (1.9% X 12 million) currently discarded donations in the United States alone.…”

Section: Applications Of Seroconversion Data To Policy Decisionssupporting

confidence: 76%

HTV and blood transfusions: Focus on seroconversion

Busch¹

1994

Vox Sanguinis

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Section: Applications Of Seroconversion Data To Policy Decisionssupporting

confidence: 76%

HTV and blood transfusions: Focus on seroconversion

Busch¹

1994

Vox Sanguinis

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“…Anti-HIV screen ing of donated blood was started in September 1987 and be came compulsory nationwide by early 1989. In 1991 there were two important studies in Thai blood donors: the first demonstrated 1 blood unit positive for HIV p24 antigen (confirmed by neutralization) in 3,400 HIV seronegative blood units [1] ; the second study found 1 HI V-antigen posi tive unit in 10,000 blood units [2]. In addition, several cases of transfusion-transmitted HI V infection through HIV-seronegative blood were reported [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion-Transmitted AIDS with Blood Negative for Anti-HIV and HIV-Antigen

Chuansumrit¹,

Varavithya²,

Isarangkura³

et al. 1996

Vox Sanguinis

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A four-year-old boy who was diagnosed with Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia received supportive treatment and desmopressin for his bleeding episodes. He seldom received blood components, except for platelet concentrates, due to severe bleeding. He was exposed to 18 routine donors and 2 plateletpheresis donors who were negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen and anti-HIV upon screening. At the age of 3 years and 9 months (4.5 months after the transfusion of platelet concentrate), he developed full-blown AIDS and died from circulatory failure 3 months later. The source of Hl V transmission was identified as 1 donor who developed anti-HIV 3 months after the last donation. The rather short incubation time of AIDS in this case was attributed to a large inoculum of HIV virus in the ‘window period’ of infectivity of the newly infected donor. This case illustrates transfusion-transmitted HIV leading to AIDS, even though HIV antigen and anti-HIV screening tests were negative.

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“…Screening for anti-HIV may be effectively arranged, but with high incidence of infection the seronegative window period remains the main threat to transfusion safety. Here again, it is vitally important to try to identify risk factors for HIV infection and to direct donor recruitment to groups considered rela tively safe [4], Those countries with a high HIV infection incidence that can afford it may even consider HIV anti gen testing [5] but in most western countries this would be just a waste of money. Eventually, however, the problem can be solved only by limiting the epidemic overall.…”

Section: Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%