Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhu, Yu-Xian; Wang, Nian-Nian; Pan, Da; Wang, Shaokang

doi:10.1089/chi.2022.0230

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Nine reviews explored the relationship between weight and ADHD ( 126 – 134 ), primarily focussing on overweight and obesity and representing over 260 studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this national survey, ADHD was associated with obesity only in adolescent girls and adults but not in children or boys. However, the most recent review, highlighted different findings showing that children with ADHD had a significant risk for co-occurring overweight and obesity [OR 1.56; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.32–1.85], especially in particular groups such as boys (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.10–1.90), people in Asia (OR 3.25; 95% CI 1.70–6.21) and Europe (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.61–2.12), and patients not using medication (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.22–1.94) ( 134 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impacts associated with having ADHD: an umbrella review

French,

Nalbant,

Wright

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects up to 5% of the population and is characterised by symptoms of impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention. These symptoms are significantly impairing and carry additional risks for children and adults with ADHD, including negative mental health (e.g. depression), physical health (e.g. obesity) and societal outcomes (e.g. imprisonment, divorce). Very few studies have attempted to synthesise these risks in one publication due to the breadth of evidence published on the adverse outcomes of ADHD.MethodsAn umbrella review was performed to identify reviews (systematic, meta-analysis and narrative) that investigate the risks arising from having ADHD. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the findings and conducted a quality review of the included publications.ResultsUpon searching five databases, 16,675 records were identified. Of these, 125 reviews met the criteria for inclusion. A narrative synthesis of these findings highlighted three key domains of risks associated with ADHD: mental health, physical health, social and lifestyle. Most reviews were of good and moderate quality.DiscussionThis review highlights the many risks associated with having ADHD, beyond its three key symptom domains and the impact of the condition on daily functioning.RegistrationInternational Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42023404073).

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“…Nine reviews explored the relationship between weight and ADHD ( 126 – 134 ), primarily focussing on overweight and obesity and representing over 260 studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts associated with having ADHD: an umbrella review

French,

Nalbant,

Wright

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, the observed negative correlation between (birth/childhood) ADHD and (childhood) BMI estimates is more perplexing. Children with ADHD are more likely to be overweight and vice versa, 30,31 and BMI and ADHD also show positive genetic correlations. 27,32 This may indicate that epigenetic risk mechanisms for ADHD are associated with lower BMI in childhood, but are overshadowed by (non-methylation related) mechanisms causing positive phenotypic correlations.…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic timing effects on child developmental outcomes: A longitudinal meta-regression of findings from the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics Consortium

Neumann,

Sammallahti,

Cosin-Tomas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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DNA methylation (DNAm) is a developmentally dynamic epigenetic process, yet we still know little about how epigenetic effects on health outcomes vary over time; whether DNAm alterations during certain periods of development are more informative than others; and whether epigenetic timing effects differ by outcome. To address these questions, we applied longitudinal meta-regression to published meta-analyses from the PACE consortium that examine DNAm at multiple time points (prospectively at birth and cross-sectionally in childhood) in relation to the same child outcome (ADHD, general psychopathology, sleep, BMI, asthma). Our findings reveal three new insights: (i) across outcomes, effects sizes are larger when DNAm is measured in childhood compared to at birth; (ii) higher effect sizes do not necessarily translate into more significant findings, as associations also become noisier in childhood for most outcomes (i.e. showing larger standard errors); and (iii) DNAm signals are highly time-specific while showing pleiotropy across health outcomes

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Steatotic liver disease is the most important somatic determinant of quality of life in patients with obesity: A cross‐sectional study

Wernberg,

Kjer,

Grønkjær

et al. 2023

Liver International

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Background and AimsPatients with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are often comorbid and stigmatized. This can negatively affect quality of life (QOL). Other studies have primarily used the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ), which focuses on liver‐related symptoms, to characterize QOL, but most MASLD patients have only mild liver disease, and CLDQ might overlook QOL issues pertaining to them. We aimed to determine the impact of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) on QOL in obese patients using a 136‐item generic QOL questionnaire.MethodsWe included participants with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 who all fully answered the sickness impact profile (SIP, range 0–100, normal = 3.4, 100 = worst) and had a liver biopsy to diagnose MASLD. Sociodemographics, comorbidity and biometric data were obtained from all participants.ResultsOf 176 (mean age 45.9 years, 70% female, 12.6 years of education), 132 had no‐MASH and 44 MASH. On stepwise multivariable regression analysis, divorce (p = .011), unemployment (p < .003) and hepatic steatosis (p = .01) were associated with poor overall QOL. No other somatic comorbidity was associated. MASH patients more frequently than no‐MASH reported physical discomfort (48% vs. 30%, p = .04), inability to do daily activities (29% vs. 54%, p = .006) and attention problems (32% vs. 57%, p = .003).ConclusionMASLD severity was the only somatic determinant of QOL in patients with obesity in this cohort, and a large fraction reported debilitating symptoms. Patients and caregivers should consider the limitations this poses when planning interventions.

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Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

The impacts associated with having ADHD: an umbrella review

The impacts associated with having ADHD: an umbrella review

Epigenetic timing effects on child developmental outcomes: A longitudinal meta-regression of findings from the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics Consortium

Steatotic liver disease is the most important somatic determinant of quality of life in patients with obesity: A cross‐sectional study

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