Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Chronic Dizziness, and Sleep Duration

Abstract

Background Although it is recommended that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) be screened for using a validated self-report questionnaire in patients experiencing dizziness, there is still a lack of research on the relationship between high risk of OSA and chronic dizziness. Objectives The study aimed to examine the relationship between the high risk of OSA and chronic dizziness and investigate how this relationship is affected by sleep duration. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2021). Adults aged 40 years or older were included and divided into two groups using the STOP–Bang questionnaire (SBQ): a high-risk group for OSA or not. Complex samples logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the odds ratios of chronic dizziness based on the national population estimates. Results Our findings showed that individuals in the high-risk group for OSA were significantly more likely to experience chronic dizziness. Specifically, among subgroups based on sleep duration, the high-risk group for OSA with a short sleep duration of ≤5 hr demonstrated the highest odds of chronic dizziness, showing a significantly 2.48-fold increased likelihood compared to the non-high-risk for OSA with a sleep duration of 5–9 hr. Discussion The SBQ can be beneficial when other causes do not explain chronic dizziness, helping to rule in the possibility of OSA. Educating individuals suspected of having OSA or who have been diagnosed with OSA about the importance of adequate sleep duration may help reduce the risk of chronic dizziness.