Risk of new‐onset glaucoma in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A nationwide, population‐based cohort study

Abstract

To explore the relationship of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and subsequent glaucoma incidence. Patients with SLE were defined as those newly diagnosed by International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) code 710.0 in at least 3 outpatient visits or 1 hospitalization during 2000–2012 by using the National Health Insurance Research Database. We selected a non‐SLE comparison cohort at a 1:1 ratio by propensity score matching on age, gender, index date, comorbidities and medications. We identified outcome as the incident glaucoma in patients with SLE. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) in 2 groups. Kaplan‐ Meier analysis was performed to estimate the cumulative incidence rate between both groups. There were 1743 patients who were included in the SLE group and non‐SLE group. The aHR of glaucoma was 1.56 (95% CI = 1.03–2.36) in the SLE group, compared to non‐SLE controls. Subgroup analysis showed that SLE patients present greater risk of glaucoma, especially in males (aHR = 3.76; 95% CI, 1.5–9.42), and the P for interaction between gender and risk of glaucoma was 0.026. This cohort study showed that patients with SLE have 1.56‐fold risk of glaucoma development. Gender acted as an effect modifier between SLE and the risk of new‐onset glaucoma.

Association between glucocorticoid discontinuation and the incidence of infection in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective cohort study

“…Firstly, the authors did not provide explicit details on how they defined the index date for each cohort and its establishment. Bai et al 2 clearly explained their definition of the index date as the first diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Liu et al 3 also well explained their definition of index date as the first date of diagnosis of psoriasis.…”

Risk of new‐onset glaucoma in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A nationwide, population‐based cohort study: Correspondence

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We read with interest the article by Bai et al, titled Risk of new-onset glaucoma in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A nationwide, population-based cohort study. 1 The study investigated the association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the risk of newonset glaucoma, with a focus on male patients. Although the study design is commendable, we have some concerns regarding the findings.Our major concern pertains to the potential confounding effect of baseline covariates in Table 1 and the multivariate models.

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