Risk of Neurological Disorders in Patients With European Lyme Neuroborreliosis: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

Haahr, Rasmus; Tetens, Malte Mose; Dessau, Ram Benny; Krogfelt, Karen A.; Bodilsen, Jacob; Andersen, Nanna Skaarup; Frimodt‐Møller, Niels; Roed, Casper; Christiansen, Claus; Ellermann-Eriksen, Svend; Bangsborg, Jette; Hansen, Klaus; Benfield, Thomas; Andersen, Christian Østergaard; Obel, Niels; Lebech, Anne‐Mette; Omland, Lars Haukali

doi:10.1093/cid/ciz997

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Given the focal distribution of Lyme disease in the United States (Midwest, Northeast and mid-Atlantic) an increase of PD was expected in those regions if there was a positive correlation, but no association was suggested [ 46 ]. In addition, a study using the Danish National registry from 1986-2016 identifying 2,607 cases of Lyme neuroborreliosis did not find a significantly increased long term risk of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases [ 47 ].…”

Section: Infection and Pd: An Epidemiologic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Infection and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease

Smeyne

Noyce

Byrne

et al. 2021

JPD

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Bacterial or viral infection has been proposed as a potential risk factor, and there is supporting although not entirely consistent epidemiologic and basic science evidence to support its role. Encephalitis caused by influenza has included parkinsonian features. Epidemiological evidence is most compelling for an association between PD and hepatitis C virus. Infection with Helicobacter pylori may be associated not only with PD risk but also response to levodopa. Rapidly evolving knowledge regarding the role of the microbiome also suggests a role of resident bacteria in PD risk. Biological plausibility for the role for infectious agents is supported by the known neurotropic effects of specific viruses, particular vulnerability of the substantia nigra and even the promotion of aggregation of alpha-synuclein. A common feature of implicated viruses appears to be production of high levels of cytokines and chemokines that can cross the blood-brain barrier leading to microglial activation and inflammation and ultimately neuronal cell death. Based on multiple avenues of evidence it appears likely that specific bacterial and particularly viral infections may increase vulnerability to PD. The implications of this for PD prevention requires attention and may be most relevant once preventive treatments for at-risk populations are developed.

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Section: Infection and Pd: An Epidemiologic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Infection and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease

Smeyne

Noyce

Byrne

et al. 2021

JPD

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“…Inclusion date for LNB patients was the date of lumbar puncture. The Danish cohort of LNB patients and methodology for testing has been described previously (Haahr et al, 2019;Obel et al, 2018).…”

Section: Lnb Patient Cohortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Lyme neuroborreliosis incidence in Denmark, 1996 to 2015

Tetens

Haahr

Dessau

et al. 2020

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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“…Some researchers disagree with this. A 30-year cohort study from Denmark did not reveal an increased long-term risk of dementia in patients with Lyme disease (81), which may be related to the young age of the patients enrolled and the failure to follow them up throughout life. In our evaluation of the evidence level, the P-value can reach moderate evidence.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studies and Possible Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Association between microbiological risk factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Wang¹,

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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The role of microbiological factors in the development of neurodegenerative diseases is attracting increasing attention, while the relationship remains debated. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize and evaluate the associations between microbiological factors and the risk of neurodegenerative disorders with an umbrella review. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were used to search for papers from the earliest to March 2021 for identifying meta-analyses and systematic reviews that examined associations between microbiological factors and neurodegenerative diseases. AMSTAR2 tool was employed to evaluate the methodical quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The effect size and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were recalculated with a random effect model after the overlap was recognized by the corrected covered area (CCA) method. The heterogeneity of each meta-analysis was measured by the I2 statistic and 95% prediction interval (95% PI). Additionally, publication bias and the quality of evidence were evaluated for all 37 unique associations. Only 4 associations had above the medium level of evidence, and the rest associations presented a low level of evidence. Among them, helicobacter pylori (HP), infection, and bacteria are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and the other one verifies that periodontal disease is a risk factor for all types of dementia. Following the evidence of our study, eradication of HP and aggressive treatment of periodontitis are beneficial for the prevention of PD and dementia, respectively. This umbrella review provides comprehensive quality-grade evidence on the relationship between microbial factors and neurodegenerative disease. Regardless of much evidence linking microbial factors to neurodegenerative diseases, these associations are not necessarily causal, and the evidence level is generally low. Thus, more effective studies are required.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021239512.

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Risk of Neurological Disorders in Patients With European Lyme Neuroborreliosis: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Infection and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease

Infection and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease

Changes in Lyme neuroborreliosis incidence in Denmark, 1996 to 2015

Association between microbiological risk factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

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