Background
In the U.S., incidence of sepsis and pneumonia differ by race, but it is unclear whether this is due to intrinsic factors or healthcare factors.
Methods
We conducted a study of 52,006 patients hospitalized in 2006-2008 at a referral hospital in upper Manhattan. We examined how the prevalence of present-on-admission and healthcare-associated infection compared between non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Whites adjusting for socio-demographic factors, admission through the emergency room (ER), and co-morbid conditions.
Results
Non-Hispanic Blacks had 1.59 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-1.96] and 1.55 [95%CI: 1.35-1.77]-fold risk of community-acquired BSIs and UTI as compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Hispanic patients had 1.31 [95%CI: 1.15-1.49]-fold risk of presenting with community-acquired UTIs compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Controlling for admission through the ER, comorbidity and neighborhood income attenuated the differences in prevalence of infections.
Conclusion
In conclusion, we found that health disparities in present-on-admission infections may be largely explained by potential lack of ambulatory care, socioeconomic factors and comorbidity.