Risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lai, Honghao; Yang, Mei; Sun, Mingyao; Pan, Bei; Wang, Quan; Wang, Jing; Tian, Jinhui; Ding, Guowu; Yang, Kun; Song, Xuping; Ge, Long

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155330

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Compelling evidence has demonstrated the increasing prevalence of the complications after COVID-19 infection, especially the hospitalized and severe cases. Of note, epidemiological researches and meta-analysis presented that growing individuals with type 2 diabetes [33,34], obesity [35,36], non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [35], cognitive impairments [37,38] and other common disorders. Importantly, recent MR studies stated that those events were causally associated with cholelithiasis occurrence [39,40], and even could be perceived as independent risk factors in some extent, consistent with our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Causal Association Between Cholelithiasis and COVID-19: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Li,

Sun,

Shao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Gallstone diseases and cholecystectomy are possibly associated with the severity of COVID-19 bidirectionally, yet the casual association remains unclear. Method: Applying genome-wide association study summary statistics of primarily European individuals, we utilized 2-sample Mendelian randomization to estimate the bidirectional causal effects of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and cholecystectomy on three COVID-19 phenotypes: SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization and severe COVID-19. Results: Inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization results from the FinnGen consortium showed that none of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and cholecystectomy was not causally associated with COVID-19 phenotypes, and vice versa. In addition, other methods including MR-Egger, weighted median, weight mode and simple mode exhibited approximate tendency as IVW. These results were all robust to sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: The forward MR analysis showed no causally significant impact of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and cholecystectomy on COVID-19 phenotypes. Similarly, reverse MR results also showed no causal association between COVID-19 and cholelithiasis events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Causal Association Between Cholelithiasis and COVID-19: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Li,

Sun,

Shao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Lai et al conducted a meta-analysis that included 11 retrospective cohorts from the United States (US), Europe and the global population with 47.1 million participants and calculated a 64% increased risk of overall diabetes (RR 1.64, 95% CI 1.51–1.79). They did not detect any significant differences between age, regions, races, or length of follow-up, but pooled risk estimates from 2 studies showed a potentially greater risk in males compared to females (RR 1.45, CI% 1.37–1.53) [ 45.•• ••]. Ssentongo et al reviewed 8 studies from 3 different countries that included 47.4 million overall and 4.3 million COVID-19 patients and used a random effects model to calculate a pooled point estimate of 1.66 (95% CI 1.38–2.00) for increased risk of incident diabetes.…”

Section: Studies Evaluating Incident Diabetes After Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analyses of risk for T1D are mixed regarding significance and interpretation of the association with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Meta-analyses that analyzed diabetes by subtype reported an increased risk of T1D (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.38–1.46; 52 more per 10,000 persons, 95% CI 47–57 more) [ 45.•• ••] and RR 1.48 (95% CI 1.26–1.75) [ 47.•• ••] compared to non-COVID-19 patients. A study of 571,256 patients under 18 years old using TriNetX database also reported elevated risk of T1D at 1 month (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.26–3.06), 3 months (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.48–3.00), and 6 months (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.36–2.44) after SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to patients with non-COVID-19 upper respiratory infections [ 62 ].…”

Section: Risk Of Type 1 and Type 2 Incident Diabetes After Sars-cov-2...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meta-analyses that analyzed diabetes by subtype reported an increased risk of T2D (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.56–2.02; 1287 more per 10,000 persons, 95% CI 924–1683 more) [ 45.•• ••] and RR 1.70 (95% CI 1.32–2.19) [ 47.•• ••] when compared to non-COVID-19 patients. In a retrospective study of incident T2D in the Montefiore Health System in New York, there was an increased risk of new diagnosis during hospitalization (adjusted OR 3.96, 95% CI 3.2–4.96) and at 3-month follow-up (adjusted OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.07–1.45) in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those with influenza.…”

Section: Risk Of Type 1 and Type 2 Incident Diabetes After Sars-cov-2...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does COVID-19 Infection Increase the Risk of Diabetes? Current Evidence

et al. 2023

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Purpose of Review Multiple studies report an increased incidence of diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the potential increased global burden of diabetes, understanding the effect of SARS-CoV-2 in the epidemiology of diabetes is important. Our aim was to review the evidence pertaining to the risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection. Recent Findings Incident diabetes risk increased by approximately 60% compared to patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection. Risk also increased compared to non-COVID-19 respiratory infections, suggesting SARS-CoV-2-mediated mechanisms rather than general morbidity after respiratory illness. Evidence is mixed regarding the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and T1D. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an elevated risk of T2D, but it is unclear whether the incident diabetes is persistent over time or differs in severity over time. Summary SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetes. Future studies should evaluate vaccination, viral variant, and patient- and treatment-related factors that influence risk.

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“…However, the recent meta-analysis by Lai et al [ 36 ] seems to provide conclusive data on the subject, by collecting data of 8 consistent studies which found a general increased relative risk of T2D equal to 1.78. Unsurprisingly, the subcategory of patients aged 0-18 years showed a similar increased risk (RR 1.74).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with diabetes: Changes in epidemiology, metabolic control and medical care

Zucchini¹,

Scozzarella²,

Maltoni³

2023

World J Diabetes

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has heavily affected health worldwide, with the various forms of diabetes in children experiencing changes at various levels, including epidemiology, diabetic ketoacidosis rates and medical care. Type 1 diabetes showed an apparent increase in incidence, possibly owing to a direct damage of the virus to the β-cell. Diabetic ketoacidosis also increased in association with the general fear of referring patients to the hospital. Most children with diabetes (both type 1 and type 2) did not show a worsening in metabolic control during the first lockdown, possibly owing to a more controlled diet by their parents. Glucose sensor and hybrid closed loop pump technology proved to be effective in all patients with type 1 diabetes during the pandemic, especially because the downloading of data allowed for the practice of tele-medicine. Telemedicine has in fact grown around the world and National Health Systems have started to consider it as a routine activity in clinical practice. The present review encompasses all the aspects related to the effects of the pandemic on the different forms of diabetes in children.

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Risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

No Causal Association Between Cholelithiasis and COVID-19: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

No Causal Association Between Cholelithiasis and COVID-19: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Does COVID-19 Infection Increase the Risk of Diabetes? Current Evidence

Multiple influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with diabetes: Changes in epidemiology, metabolic control and medical care

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