Risk of Hyperprolactinemia and Sexual Side Effects in Males 10–20 Years Old Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders or Disruptive Behavior Disorder and Treated with Risperidone

Roke, Yvette; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Boot, Annemieke M.; Tenback, Diederik E.; Harten, Peter N. van

doi:10.1089/cap.2011.0109

Cited by 43 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…12 In the same group, although hyperprolactinemia was present in 47% of patients treated with risperidone, gynecomastia was not significantly associated with hyperprolactinemia. 12 One hypothesis has been that because risperidone often increases prolactin levels, prolactin action on the breast tissue may be the cause for gynecomastia; however, this hypothesis has not been proven. 7,12,16 In an analysis of data involving prolactin levels and adverse events in patients treated with risperidone, there was no significant correlation between prolactin level and adverse effects in men, including the emergence of possible prolactin-related side effects such as gynecomastia, decreased libido, and erectile dysfunction.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 86%

“…Since its introduction, risperidone has been one of the most widely prescribed and studied neuroleptics in the United States and other countries. [11][12][13][14][15] During the past two decades, psychiatrists have learned a great deal about the effects and adverse effects of risperidone. One of these is that, although considered an atypical neuroleptic, it has a greater tendency to produce extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) compared with other atypical neuroleptics approved in children, such as aripiprazole, olanzapine, and quetiapine.…”

Section: Historical Background Regarding the Relationship Among Rispementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These concerns and disputes include risperidone's tendency to produce hyperprolactinemia, questions of whether there is a relationship between hyperprolactinemia and gynecomastia, how problematic or useful a drug such as risperidone is, whether the FDA should rescind the approval of risperidone and have it withdrawn from the market, how to prevent and properly identify gynecomastia (especially druginduced gynecomastia) earlier, and how to deal with the issue of gynecomastia in psychiatric patients, especially in children treated with risperidone and other neuroleptics. [1][2][3][4]12,13,16 …”

Section: Historical Background Regarding the Relationship Among Rispementioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,8 A family tendency for persistent pubertal gynecomastia has been reported. 6 In a series of patients ages 10 to 20 years treated with risperidone, 43% were diagnosed as having gynecomastia compared with 21% of controls; 12 however, the criteria used to diagnose gynecomastia were not mentioned. 12 In the same group, although hyperprolactinemia was present in 47% of patients treated with risperidone, gynecomastia was not significantly associated with hyperprolactinemia.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 In a series of patients ages 10 to 20 years treated with risperidone, 43% were diagnosed as having gynecomastia compared with 21% of controls; 12 however, the criteria used to diagnose gynecomastia were not mentioned. 12 In the same group, although hyperprolactinemia was present in 47% of patients treated with risperidone, gynecomastia was not significantly associated with hyperprolactinemia. 12 One hypothesis has been that because risperidone often increases prolactin levels, prolactin action on the breast tissue may be the cause for gynecomastia; however, this hypothesis has not been proven.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Risperidone Use in Children: Gynecomastia, Hyperprolactinemia, and Other Controversies

Isaac¹

2015

Psychiatric Annals

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The use of neuroleptics, especially risperidone, and their common side effect of hyperprolactinemia and the rare but significant adverse effect of gynecomastia has become a contentious issue. Advertisements for class action lawsuits and media reports of gynecomastia cause concern for patients and parents of children prescribed such medicines. The relationship between neuroleptic use, hyperprolactinemia, and gynecomastia is poorly understood, and there is very little guidance for psychiatrists, especially child psychiatrists, who need to prescribe these medicines. Although risperidone ranks high among atypical neuroleptics in producing hyperprolactinemia, unlike what many legal advertisements claim or suggest, no direct connection has been established between hyperprolactinemia and gynecomastia. Prescribers of risperidone and other neuroleptics would benefit from becoming more aware of the issue of neuroleptic-induced hyperprolactinemia and gynecomastia to avoid adverse effects for patients and ethical and legal jeopardy for themselves. This article presents facts and suggests measures that may be helpful for those prescribing risperidone and other neuroleptics, especially for children.

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Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Historical Background Regarding the Relationship Among Rispementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historical Background Regarding the Relationship Among Rispementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Risperidone Use in Children: Gynecomastia, Hyperprolactinemia, and Other Controversies

Isaac¹

2015

Psychiatric Annals

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The challenge of detecting adverse events in adults with autism spectrum disorder who have intellectual disability

et al. 2021

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Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and associated intellectual disability (ID) take a high number of different psychotropic drugs simultaneously. Nowadays, little is known about this multidrug pattern efficacy and safety. The present study has endeavored to fill this gap creating a local pharmacovigilance system. A 36‐month, retrospective and prospective, observational, and multicenter pharmacovigilance study was carried out in adults with ASD and ID (n = 83). Information regarding ongoing medications (polypharmacy: taking simultaneously >4 drugs; safety profile: adverse events' number, adverse drug reactions' number, and affected system; and observed‐to‐expected [O/E] ratio using the summary of product characteristics), and current diagnoses were recorded. A median of four ongoing medications per participant was registered, half of the sample was under polypharmacy regimen. Regarding all ongoing medications, 50% were antipsychotic drugs, and 47% of participants had >1 antipsychotic prescribed. In contrast, only 64 adverse events were identified from electronic health records, mostly due to risperidone. Half of them were related either to nervous or metabolic systems, and almost a third were not previously described in the corresponding drug summary of products characteristics. Extrapyramidalism, gynecomastia, hypercholesterolemia, and urinary retention were some AEs that occurred more frequently than expected (O/E ratio > 6 times) according to our data. The highest O/E ratio scores (>120 times) were for hypercholesterolemia and rhabdomyolysis caused by valproic acid. According to the number of adverse events and adverse drug reactions reported in electronic health records locally and nationally by clinicians, we need to increase awareness about medications safety. Lay Summary A 36‐month study in adults with autism, ID, and polypharmacy (>4 drugs) was done to investigate drug safety on everyone. A median of four medications per person was registered, half were antipsychotic drugs, and 47% of participants had >1 antipsychotic medication simultaneously. Only 64 adverse events were identified from electronic health records, mostly due to risperidone. Half of them were related to nervous or metabolic systems and a third were not previously described in the drug information sheet.

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Medication‐induced obstructive uropathy and hyperprolactinemia in a pediatric patient

Nkansah-Amankra

Sudhanthar

2019

Clinical Case Reports

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Risk of Hyperprolactinemia and Sexual Side Effects in Males 10–20 Years Old Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders or Disruptive Behavior Disorder and Treated with Risperidone

Abstract: Hyperprolactinemia is a common side effect in young males treated over the long term with risperidone. Young males treated with risperidone are more likely to report diminished sexual functioning than are those not treated with antipsychotics.

Cited by 43 publications

References 56 publications

Risperidone Use in Children: Gynecomastia, Hyperprolactinemia, and Other Controversies

Risperidone Use in Children: Gynecomastia, Hyperprolactinemia, and Other Controversies

The challenge of detecting adverse events in adults with autism spectrum disorder who have intellectual disability

Medication‐induced obstructive uropathy and hyperprolactinemia in a pediatric patient

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