Risk of hospitalisation associated with infection with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant versus delta variant in Denmark: an observational cohort study

Bager, Peter; Wohlfahrt, Jan; Bhatt, Samir; Stegger, Marc; Legarth, Rebecca; Møller, Camilla Holten; Skov, Robert; Valentiner‐Branth, Palle; Voldstedlund, Marianne; Fischer, Thea Kølsen; Simonsen, Lone; Kirkby, Nikolai; Thomsen, Marianne Kragh; Spieß, Katja; Marving, Ellinor; Larsen, Nicolai Balle; Lillebæk, Troels; Ullum, Henrik; Mølbak, Kåre; Krause, Tyra Grove; Edslev, Sofie Marie; Sieber, Raphael N.; Ingham, Anna Cäcilia; Overvad, Maria; Gram, Mie Agermose; Lomholt, Frederikke Kristensen; Hallundbæk, Louise; Espensen, Caroline Hjorth; Gubbels, Sophie Madeleine; Karakis, Marianne; Møller, Karina Lauenborg; Olsen, Stefan S.; Harboe, Zitta Barrella; Johannesen, Caroline Klint; Wijhe, Maarten van; Holler, Jon Gitz; Dessau, Ram Benny; Friis, Martin Barfred; Fuglsang-Damgaard, David; Pinholt, Mette; Sydenham, Thomas Vognbjerg; Coia, John; Marmolin, Ea Sofie; Fomsgaard, Anders; Fonager, Jannik; Rasmussen, Morten; Cohen, Arieh

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00154-2

Cited by 176 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Observational population-based data from different monitoring systems are the first available information to generate such evidence. Despite limitations, real-time and comprehensive surveillance data allow rapid assessment of the situation of any disease, during a pandemic or otherwise, underlined in the two country data analyses from Denmark and Scotland published in the The Lancet Infectious Diseases by Peter Bager and colleagues 1 and Aziz Sheikh and colleauges, 2 respectively. Both studies assess the risk of hospitalisation as a proxy for the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant (B.1.1.529) by combining surveillance data across different health-care levels with mortality data and information on vaccination.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Over the course of the pandemic, younger age groups were infected before the virus reached older more at-risk populations, which influences the severity assessment over time. Both studies 1 , 2 used hospitalisation as a proxy of severity, covered a relatively early phase of the omicron wave, and had a short follow-up period, which could lead to underestimation of the true severity of the omicron variant.…”

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confidence: 99%

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“…In both studies, 1 , 2 the rapid spread of the omicron variant within the population, with more than 150 000 cases in both studies over a very short period, provided the basis for robust analyses. Cox proportional hazards and log-linear Poisson regression approaches resulted in similar results, with risk ratios (RRs) of 0·32 (95% CI 0·19–0·52) 2 and 0·29 (0·21–0·39), 1 respectively, supporting results from South Africa 3 , 4 , 5 and the UK 6 of a lower risk of omicron causing severe disease requiring hospitalisation. The studies showed that the booster vaccine dose was associated with a 57% (54–60) reduction in the risk of symptomatic S-gene-negative infection relative to 25 weeks or more after the second vaccine dose, 2 and a RR for hospitalisation of 0·50 (95% CI 0·32–0·76) among those who received three vaccine doses.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The studies showed that the booster vaccine dose was associated with a 57% (54–60) reduction in the risk of symptomatic S-gene-negative infection relative to 25 weeks or more after the second vaccine dose, 2 and a RR for hospitalisation of 0·50 (95% CI 0·32–0·76) among those who received three vaccine doses. 1 …”

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confidence: 99%

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Sustainability of surveillance systems for SARS-CoV-2

Adlhoch¹,

Gomes²

2022

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

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confidence: 99%

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Sustainability of surveillance systems for SARS-CoV-2

Adlhoch¹,

Gomes²

2022

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

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SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Myocarditis in a Nordic Cohort Study of 23 Million Residents

et al. 2022

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Key Points Question Is SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination associated with risk of myocarditis? Findings In a cohort study of 23.1 million residents across 4 Nordic countries, risk of myocarditis after the first and second doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines was highest in young males aged 16 to 24 years after the second dose. For young males receiving 2 doses of the same vaccine, data were compatible with between 4 and 7 excess events in 28 days per 100 000 vaccinees after second-dose BNT162b2, and between 9 and 28 per 100 000 vaccinees after second-dose mRNA-1273. Meaning The risk of myocarditis in this large cohort study was highest in young males after the second SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose, and this risk should be balanced against the benefits of protecting against severe COVID-19 disease.

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Risk of intensive care unit admission and mortality in patients hospitalized due to influenza A or B and SARS‑CoV‑2 variants Omicron or Delta

Rezahosseini,

Roed,

Sejdic

et al. 2024

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundRespiratory viral infections have significant global health impacts. We compared 30‐day intensive care unit (ICU) admission and all‐cause mortality risks in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Delta and Omicron variants versus influenza A and B (A/B).MethodsData from two retrospective inpatient cohorts in Copenhagen were analyzed. Cohorts included hospitalized influenza A/B patients (2017–2018) and SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta/Omicron patients (2021–2022), aged ≥18 years, admitted within 14 days of a positive real‐time polymerase chain reaction test result. Cumulative ICU admission and mortality rates were estimated using the Aalen–Johansen estimator. Cox regression models calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for ICU admission and mortality.ResultsThe study encompassed 1459 inpatients (Delta: 49%; Omicron: 26%; influenza A: 6.4%; and influenza B: 18%). Cumulative incidence of ICU admission was 11%, 4.0%, 7.5%, and 4.1%, for Delta, Omicron, influenza A, and B, respectively. For ICU admission, adjusted HRs (aHRs) were 3.1 (p < .001) and 1.5 (p = .34) for Delta and Omicron versus influenza B, and 1.5 (p = .36) and 0.71 (p = .48) versus influenza A. For mortality, aHRs were 3.8 (p < .001) and 3.4 (p < .001) for Delta and Omicron versus influenza B, and 2.1 (p = .04) and 1.9 (p = .11) versus influenza A.ConclusionDelta but not Omicron inpatients had an increased risk for ICU admission compared to influenza B; however, both variants were associated with higher risks of mortality than influenza B. Only Delta inpatients had a higher risk of mortality than influenza A inpatients.

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Risk of hospitalisation associated with infection with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant versus delta variant in Denmark: an observational cohort study

Cited by 176 publications

References 27 publications

Sustainability of surveillance systems for SARS-CoV-2

Sustainability of surveillance systems for SARS-CoV-2

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Myocarditis in a Nordic Cohort Study of 23 Million Residents

Risk of intensive care unit admission and mortality in patients hospitalized due to influenza A or B and SARS‑CoV‑2 variants Omicron or Delta

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