Risk of fracture in ulcerative colitis: a population-based study from Olmsted county, Minnesota

FRAX® assessment of osteoporotic fracture probability in Switzerland

“…The presence of rheumatoid arthritis was shown to increase fracture probability independently of BMD and glucocorticoid intake [21]. Other forms of secondary osteoporosis, such as hypogonadism or premature menopause (<45 years) [22][23][24], inflammatory bowel diseases [25][26][27][28], immobilisation due to spinal cord injury [29] and thyroid disorders [30], are generally associated with increased fracture probability; however, whether these are independent of BMD remains controversial. Therefore, for FRAX® modelling purposes, other causes of secondary osteoporosis were attributed the same level of risk as rheumatoid arthritis in the absence of a BMD value and no additional risk if a BMD value was available.…”

An Increased Serum N-Terminal Telopeptide of Type I Collagen, a Biochemical Marker of Increased Bone Resorption, Is Associated with Infliximab Therapy in Patients with Crohn’s Disease

“…Recent studies have reported contradictory findings on osteoporosis and fractures in patients with CD and ulcerative colitis (UC) [10][11][12][13][14][15]. It would appear that osteoporosis in patients with CD is a multifactorial process.…”

Assessment and management of low bone density in inflammatory bowel disease and performance of professional society guidelines1

“…[17][18][19][20][21] However, two studies with smaller population cohorts failed to identify a difference in fracture rates between CD and UC patients and the general population. 22,23 Given the increased prevalence of low BMD and fractures in patients with IBD, and the ability to noninvasively screen for low BMD, guidelines recommending screening were published by two major gastroenterology specialty societies by March 2003. The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) guidelines identified age greater than 60 years and glucocorticoid use as the strongest risk factors for osteoporosis in the IBD population and advocated bone density testing of IBD patients based on a thorough risk factor assessment including family history of osteoporosis, tobacco use, low body mass index (BMI), and the presence of hypogonadal states.…”