Risk of Dietary Mercury Exposure via Marine Fish Ingestion: Assessment Among Potential Mothers in Malaysia

Jeevanaraj, Pravina; Hashim, Zailina; Elias, Saliza Mohd; Aris, Ahmad Zaharin

doi:10.1007/s12403-017-0270-x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Questionnaire was distributed to the respondents to gather details on sociodemographic characteristics (Part A) and processed seafood intake (part B). Under part B, processed seafood most preferred by household in Selangor (Jeevanaraj et al , 2017) were listed for which the intake frequency and portion size in the past one month as well as the specific type of food consumed, if any, were enquired. The responses for intake frequency were once a week, 3–4 times a week, twice a month, once a month or never/lesser, while for portion size, household measurement tools such as cup, spoon or pieces were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hazard quotient is the ratio of exposure to a particular heavy metal to the specific reference dose, while HI is the sum of all HQs, giving an estimation of total potential non-carcinogenic health impacts caused by exposure to a mixture of heavy metals in food items (Jeevanaraj et al , 2019; Mohammadi et al , 2019). Cancer risk on the other hand is projected based on the probable risks due to exposure to a specified dose of heavy metal in food items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cases where the HQ or HI does not exceed unity (HQ < 1), it was assumed that no chronic risks are likely to occur (Mallory, 2010; Jeevanaraj et al , 2019). The risk acceptability for carcinogenic health effects are >10 –4 = clearly unacceptable, 10 –6 to 10 –4 = acceptable, and <10 –6 = clearly acceptable (Elias et al ., 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ingestion of the contaminated food is an obvious means of exposure to the metals, due to the pollution level coupled with environmental contamination during processing. Metals are mainly taken up by fish and other aquatic organism from water, food, sediment and other species of lower trophic (Ababneh and Al-Momani, 2013; Jeevanaraj et al , 2019). Fishes of higher trophic level such as shark, swordfish and tuna may accumulate considerable amounts of toxic elements through bioaccumulation along the food web (Ababneh and Al-Momani, 2013; Jeevanaraj et al , 2016b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy metal contamination in processed seafood and the associated health risk for Malaysian women

Jeevanaraj

Foat

Tholib

et al. 2020

BFJ

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PurposeMalaysians are the highest seafood consumers in the region; be it fresh or processed. Environmental pollution has put the safety of seafood at stake, heavy metals among others. This study was done to assess the health risk associated with selected heavy metals ingestion from processed seafood.Design/methodology/approachThe most preferred processed seafood type and the intake rates were determined from a cross-sectional survey among communities in Shah Alam, Selangor (n = 90). The processed seafood were then purchased from local traders (n = 81), underwent homogenization, acid digestion (0.5 g) in Multiwave 3,000 and heavy metal quantitation (Hg, Pb, Cd, As) using ICP-MS. Estimated weekly ingestion (EWI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), lifetime cancer risk (LCR), and target risk (TR) were used to estimate the risk associated with processed seafood consumption.FindingsArsenic was the highest metal detected, acetes topping the list (10.05 ± 0.02 mg/kg). Mercury was detected at significantly higher level in salted fourfinger threadfin (0.88 ± 0.09 mg/kg) while Pb and Cd in toli shad (2.67 ± 0.16 mg/kg; 0.32 ± 0.22 mg/kg). Non-cancer risk was estimated for consumption of dried/salted food types with hazard index (HI) anchoives (5.2) > salted fourfinger threadfin (1.8) > toli shad (1.7). Besides, an unacceptable cancer risk was estimated for all food types for continuous consumption (Total risk (TR) > 10–4), except the dried acetes.Research limitations/implicationsThis study implies that although the concentration of most heavy metals were well below the permitted value, significant amount of risk present for consumption of several species. In addition, for selected heavy metals such as Hg and As, speciation analysis followed by risk assessment would provide a clearer picture.Practical implicationsThere is a need to refer back to the local permissible level of heavy metals in processed seafood and formulate safe consumption guide.Social implicationsThe food types are advised to be consumed with caution especially by the sensitive group.Originality/valueThis study estimated the risk of cancer and other non-cancer disease from processed seafood consumption among Malaysian women.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Heavy metal contamination in processed seafood and the associated health risk for Malaysian women

Jeevanaraj

Foat

Tholib

et al. 2020

BFJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Exposure to small amounts of mercury through one or more of these routes can cause serious health problems in humans (WHO, 2013). As a result, many mercury exposure assessments have been conducted in numerous countries in recent decades (Passos et al., 2008; Cordy et al., 2013; Jeevanaraj et al., 2018; Kim et al., 2018), and many organizations have published acceptable mercury exposure limits and levels that are considered to be hazardous or pose a risk to human health (WHO, 2000, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling contamination conditions in small-scale industrial areas to estimate health savings benefits associated with remediation

Tseng

Yeh

2018

Heliyon

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Mercury and dioxin pollution associated with the China Petrochemical Development Corporation's An-shun plant is one of the most severe soil contamination incidents in Taiwan's history. Residents living nearby were exposed to heavy metals and dioxins that led to significant impacts on human health and safety. While many studies related to contamination in large-scale industrial areas have been conducted to evaluate the effects of occupational contaminant exposure, studies related to people who live near small-scale industry areas are less common. In this study, we use the system dynamics modeling to build a media flow pattern for mercury and dioxin in the vicinity of the An-shun plant, simulate the concentrations of the pollutants before and after remediation, and compare the simulated values with the measurements of actual conditions after remediation to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of the model. This study also estimated the concentration of mercury and dioxin in each food medium to simulate the daily exposure of the human body to these contaminants. Finally, the reduction in mercury and dioxin levels in the study area was used to estimate the total health benefits to the local population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of this methodology to small-scale industrial areas as well as improve the decision-making process before, during, and after remediation of contaminated sites. The results of this study revealed the health benefits to residents living in the Annan District after remediation was completed at the An-shun plant were significant.

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Exposure Assessment of methyl mercury from consumption of fish and seafood in Peninsular Malaysia

Ahmad

Mahiyuddin

Azmi

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The concentration of meHg in freshwater fish and seafood was investigated, as well as the consumption patterns of fish and seafood by different demographic groups (age, ethnicity, gender). A potential alarm for human health hazards was also assessed, and the results were compared to the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWIs) and the hazard quotient parameter (HQ). The results showed that meHg levels of 67 species ranged from 0.013 to 0.252 mg/kg of wet weight (WW) with significant differences between different fish and seafood groups (χ2KW = 49.09; p < 0.001). Median concentrations of meHg in fish and seafood groups in descending orders are as follows: demersal fish (0.1006 mg/kg WW) > pelagic fish (0.0686 mg/kg WW) > freshwater fish 0.045 mg/kg WW) > cephalopods (0.0405 mg/kg WW) crustaceans (0.0356 mg/kg WW). The results revealed that older population (> 40 years old) consumed significantly (p = 0.000) more fish compared to younger generations and the elderly consumed the highest amounts of fish (104.0 ± 113.0 g/day). The adolescents (10–17 years old) consumed more than double of amount for both cephalopod and crustacean compared to the older populations (p < 0.05). Malay ethnic (96.1 ± 99.6 g/day) consumed significantly (p = 0.000) higher amounts of fish and seafood compared to other ethnicities, similar to male subjects (95.2 ± 102 g/day; p = 0.026) when compared to the female (86 ± 96.3 g/day). The estimated weekly intake (EWI) values showed results below 1.6 µg/kg BW/week, the tolerable levels recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) for all different demographic factors except for higher consumers at 75th percentile and above. Consumption of marine fish contributed to a higher value of PTWI to all different demographic groups (the estimated weekly intake (EWI) range: 0.2988–0.6893 µg/kg BW/week) but for the adolescents, where from the consumption of crustaceans (0.3488 µg/kg BW/week or 21.8% of PTWI) and cephalopods (0.504 µg/kg BW/week or 31.5% of PTWI). The results from this study also revealed the HQ value for overall consumption of fish and seafood by the adolescents and elderly exceeded one. This was contributed from the consumption of demersal fish and cephalopods, thus indicating the nonacceptable level of noncarcinogenic adverse health effects.

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Risk of Dietary Mercury Exposure via Marine Fish Ingestion: Assessment Among Potential Mothers in Malaysia

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Heavy metal contamination in processed seafood and the associated health risk for Malaysian women

Heavy metal contamination in processed seafood and the associated health risk for Malaysian women

Modeling contamination conditions in small-scale industrial areas to estimate health savings benefits associated with remediation

Exposure Assessment of methyl mercury from consumption of fish and seafood in Peninsular Malaysia

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