Risk of dementia or cognitive impairment in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang, Luping; Sang, Bowen; Zheng, Zuyan

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.985109

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…A high percentage of liver fat led to a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Past studies 120,121 have reported associations between the two and our results aligned with the most recent study 122 . Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanism.…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)supporting

confidence: 92%

Inferring Multi-Organ Genetic Causal Connections using Imaging and Clinical Data through Mendelian Randomization

Shu

Zheng

Copana

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Functional and morphological architectures of major human organs have been well characterized using imaging biomarkers. Nevertheless, deciphering the causal relationships between imaging biomarkers and major clinical outcomes, as well as understanding the causal interplay across multiple organs, remains a formidable challenge. Mendelian randomization (MR) presents a framework for inferring causality by using genetic variants as instrumental variables. Here we report a systematic multi-organ MR analysis between 402 imaging biomarkers and 88 clinical outcomes. We identified 488 genetic causal links for 62 diseases and 130 imaging biomarkers from 9 organs, tissue, or systems, including the brain, heart, liver, kidney, lung, pancreas, spleen, adipose tissue, and skeleton system. We prioritized crucial intra-organ causal connections, such as the bidirectional genetic links between Alzheimer's disease and brain function, as well as inter-organ causal effects, such as the adverse impact of heart diseases on brain health. Our findings uncover the genetic causal links spanning multiple organs, offering a more profound understanding of the intricate relationships between organ imaging biomarkers and clinical outcomes.

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Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)supporting

confidence: 92%

Inferring Multi-Organ Genetic Causal Connections using Imaging and Clinical Data through Mendelian Randomization

Shu

Zheng

Copana

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…While some traditional risk factors, such as AUD and viral hepatitis, were associated with high FIB-4 scores, others (eg, diabetes and hyperlipidemia) were not. Although the reasons are unclear, diabetes and hyperlipidemia are associated with vascular dementia, independent of liver disease . Depression and PTSD, which are known to be occur more often among people with cirrhosis than the general population, were not associated with high FIB-4 scores in this analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Undiagnosed Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy in a National Cohort of Veterans With Dementia

Bajaj,

Silvey,

Rogal

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceDementia and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are challenging to distinguish clinically. Undiagnosed cirrhosis in a patient with dementia can lead to missed opportunities to treat HE.ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence and risk factors of undiagnosed cirrhosis and therefore possible HE in veterans with dementia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2009 and 2019 using data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and 2 separate validation cohorts from the Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Data analysis was conducted from May 20 to October 15, 2023. Participants included 177 422 US veterans with a diagnosis of dementia at 2 or more clinic visits, no prior diagnosis of cirrhosis, and with sufficient laboratory test results to calculate the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score.ExposuresDemographic and clinical characteristics.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAn FIB-4 score (&gt;2.67 suggestive of advanced fibrosis and &gt;3.25 suggestive of cirrhosis), capped at age 65 years even for those above this cutoff who were included in the analysis.ResultsAmong 177 422 veterans (97.1% men; 80.7% White; mean (SD) age, 78.35 [10.97] years) 5.3% (n = 9373) had an FIB-4 score greater than 3.25 and 10.3% (n = 18 390) had an FIB-4 score greater than 2.67. In multivariable logistic regression models, FIB-4 greater than 3.25 was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% CI, 1.06-1.09), male gender (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.26-1.61), congestive heart failure (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.43-1.54), viral hepatitis (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.66-1.91), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.44-1.68), and chronic kidney disease (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.17), and inversely associated with White race (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.73-0.85), diabetes (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.73-0.84), hyperlipidemia (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.79-0.89), stroke (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79-0.91), tobacco use disorder (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.70-0.87), and rural residence (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.97). Similar findings were associated with the FIB-4 greater than 2.67 threshold. These codes were associated with cirrhosis on local validation. A local validation cohort of patients with dementia showed a similar percentage of high FIB-4 scores (4.4%-11.2%).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest that clinicians encountering patients with dementia should be encouraged to screen for cirrhosis using the FIB-4 score to uncover reversible factors associated with cognitive impairment, such as HE, to enhance outcomes.

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“…The quality of human studies was evaluated by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) scale on five aspects: selection bias, performance bias, attrition bias, detection bias, and reporting bias ( 25 ). The quality of animal studies was evaluated by the CAMARADES checklist on seven aspects: sample size calculation, random allocation, blinded evaluation of outcomes, appropriate animal model, animal welfare, peer review, and conflict of interest declaration ( 26 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Cross-talk” between gut microbiome dysbiosis and osteoarthritis progression: a systematic review

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available literature on gut microbiome (GMB) and osteoarthritis (OA), analyze the correlation between GMB and OA, and explore potential underlying mechanisms.MethodsA systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science with the keywords “Gut Microbiome” and “Osteoarthritis” was conducted to identify the human and animal studies exploring the association between GMB and OA. The retrieval time range was from the database inception to July 31, 2022. Studies reported the other arthritic diseases without OA, reviews, and studies focused on the microbiome in other parts of the body with OA, such as oral or skin, were excluded. The included studies were mainly reviewed for GMB composition, OA severity, inflammatory factors, and intestinal permeability.ResultsThere were 31 studies published met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed, including 10 human studies and 21 animal studies. Human and animal studies have reached a consistent conclusion that GMB dysbiosis could aggravate OA. In addition, several studies have found that alterations of GMB composition can increase intestinal permeability and serum levels of inflammatory factors, while regulating GMB can alleviate the changes. Owing to the susceptibility of GMB to internal and external environments, genetics, and geography, the included studies were not consistent in GMB composition analysis.ConclusionThere is a lack of high-quality studies evaluating the effects of GMB on OA. Available evidence indicated that GMB dysbiosis aggravated OA through activating the immune response and subsequent induction of inflammation. Future studies should focus on more prospective, cohort studies combined with multi-omics to further clarify the correlation.

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Risk of dementia or cognitive impairment in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 53 publications

Inferring Multi-Organ Genetic Causal Connections using Imaging and Clinical Data through Mendelian Randomization

Inferring Multi-Organ Genetic Causal Connections using Imaging and Clinical Data through Mendelian Randomization

Undiagnosed Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy in a National Cohort of Veterans With Dementia

“Cross-talk” between gut microbiome dysbiosis and osteoarthritis progression: a systematic review

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