Risk of Cardiovascular Events After COVID-19

Long-term effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality

“…After serial cardiovascular measuring, the data after almost a year of follow-up pointed out that 57 % of individuals have persistent cardiac symptoms suggestive for post-COVID-19 inflammatory cardiac involvement [97] . Furthermore, study by Tereshchenko et al demonstrated an increased risk of CVD events and poor outcomes in both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients at least 30 days after the SARS-CoV-2 infection [10] , emphasizing the importance of taking into account the presence of infection as a risk factor for CVD development in the future assessment of the patient's physical health.…”

“…Even more intriguing are the findings of recent studies that have shown that both asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections have a negative impact on cardiovascular health during one-year follow-up and not only among hospitalized individuals with severe clinical picture. In the following text we will discuss these two interesting studies in more details [9] , [10] .…”

An electrophysiological substrate of COVID-19

“…We compared two cohorts of adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, and an ECG performed between March 1, 2020, and September 13, 2020, in a retrospective double-cohort study, “Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in Covid-19” (CaVaR-Co19; NCT04555187) [ 3 ]. The study has been approved by the Oregon Health & Science University and Cleveland Clinic Institutional Review Boards.…”

“…SARS-CoV-2 virus infects human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and directly impairs electrophysiological (EP) properties: decreases beating frequency and depolarizing current and increases the field potential duration [ 2 ]. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with an increased risk of late cardiovascular (CV) outcomes [ 3 , 4 ]. However, it remains unknown if there is an abnormal COVID-19-specific EP substrate that can be detected on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) within a few months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Beyond Acute COVID-19: A Review of Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes

“…However, some epidemiologic evidence suggests that COVID-19 may be associated with long-term increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes. 6 , 7 The Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Rapid Response team suggests consultation with a cardiologist for patients who experience persistent chest pain, shortness of breath, frequent palpitations, or postural lightheadedness >4 weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis. 8 Since these symptoms are non-specific and may be related to other conditions, investigations are encouraged to differentiate between cardiac and other etiologies.…”