Risk Model and Immune Signature of m7G-Related lncRNA Based on Lung Adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a dismal prognosis. N7-methylguanosine (m7G) is essential for the transcriptional phenotypic modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). However, research on m7G-related lncRNAs involved in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) regulation is still limited. Herein, we aim to establish a prognostic model of m7G-related lncRNAs and investigate their immune properties. Eight prognostic m7G-related lncRNAs were identified using univariate Cox analysis. Six m7G-related lncRNAs were identified using LASSO-Cox regression analysis to construct risk models, and all LUAD patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort was divided into low-risk and high-risk subgroups. The accuracy of the model was verified by Kaplan-Meier analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic, principal component analysis, independent prognostic analysis, nomogram, and calibration curve. Further studies were conducted on the gene set enrichment and disease ontology enrichment analyses. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that the high-risk group enriched for cancer proliferation pathways, and the enrichment analysis of disease ontology (DO) revealed that lung disease was enriched, rationally explaining the superiority of the risk model. Finally, we found that the low-risk group had higher immune infiltration and checkpoint expression. It can be speculated that the low-risk group has a better effect on immunotherapy. Susceptibility to antitumor drugs in different risk subgroups was assessed, and it found that the high-risk group showed high sensitivity to first-line treatment drugs for non-small cell lung cancer. In conclusion, a risk model based on 6 m7G-related lncRNAs can not only predict the overall survival (OS) rate of LUAD patients but also guide individualized treatment for these patients.

Construction and validation of a prognostic signature for mucinous colonic adenocarcinoma based on N7-methylguanosine-related long non-coding RNAs

“…As one of the most abundant types of methylation modification in RNA, m7G is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. Some studies have examined m7G-related lncRNAs as prognostic markers in patients with lung adenocarcinoma ( 38 ), gastric cancer ( 39 ), pancreatic cancer ( 40 ), bladder cancer ( 41 ). Taken together, the above results support the use of m7G-related lncRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic markers for a variety of cancers.…”

Emerging role of RNA modification and long noncoding RNA interaction in cancer

“…Seventeen m7G-related lncRNAs have also been reported in CRC, which can be used to predict prognosis in the clinical setting and to determine whether the tumor is cold or hot in CRC to improve the individualization of treatment [197]. In addition, there are similar studies in ESCC, UCEC, CM, and LUAD [198][199][200][201] as shown in Table 2.…”

“…Immune cell infiltration, drug sensitivity [201] UCEC Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma, CM Cutaneous melanoma.…”

Selection of M7G-related lncRNAs in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and their prediction of immunotherapeutic efficacy

“…While it remains a challenging task to understand the functions and detailed characterization of all lncRNAs, transcriptome pro ling through sequencing analysis has identi ed thousands of lncRNAs that are abnormally expressed or mutated in different cancers [36].Recent research has discovered m7G modi cations in pri-miRNA and lncRNA using novel m7G detection techniques [37,38]. Notably, a recent study found that an m7G-related lncRNA risk model holds potential value in predicting tumor prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes [39].However, the potential of m7G-related lncRNA as a prognostic biomarker for KIRC and predicting immune therapy response remains unclear.…”