“…The changing political and economic environment around the globe has resulted in an increasing concern for fraud activities. Fraud does not only involve moral issues, but it is also a barrier to a nation’s prosperity by undermining good governance, distorting public policies, leading to misallocation of resources, and hurting the economic growth (Bardhan, 1997; Rose-Ackerman, 1999; Said et al , 2015, Said, Alam, Abdullah and Zulkarnain, 2016; Said, Alam and Khalid, 2016; Said, Alam, Zulkarnain and Abdullah, 2016).…”