Risk Factors, Protective Factors, and Current Recommendations to Reduce Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Carlin, Rebecca F.; Moon, Rachel Y.

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3345

Cited by 123 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…CVA, also known as oblique diagonal difference or transcranial difference, is obtained by subtracting the smaller cranial diagonal from the larger cranial diagonal. The CVAI can be defined as the absolute value of the difference in cranial diagonals (CVA) divided by the smaller diagonal and multiplied by 100 (normal: <3.5%; mild: 3.5%-7.0%; moderate: 7.0%-12.0%; severe: >12.0%) [10,28]. This index allows for a direct comparison between cranial deformities in infants with varying head sizes.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These risk factors for SIDS include prone and side sleeping, soft bedding, bed sharing, inappropriate sleep surfaces (including sofas), exposure to tobacco smoke, and premature birth. Protective factors to prevent SIDS include breast-feeding, pacifier use, room sharing, and immunizations [10]. These efforts were quite successful, resulting in changes in parenting practices and a corresponding decrease in SIDS; however, it is widely believed that an unintended "side effect" of this program was the exponential increase in the rate of plagiocephaly [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Prospective Study of Cranial Deformity and Delayed Development in Children

et al. 2020

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Plagiocephaly, the most common form of cranial deformity, has become more prevalent in recent years. Many authors have described a number of sequelae of poorly defined etiologies, although several gaps exist in their real scope. This study aimed to analyze the effects of physiotherapy treatments and cranial orthoses on the psychomotor development of infants with cranial deformities, complemented by protocolized postural exercises applied by the family. This prospective study on different developmental areas included a sample of 48 breastfeeding infants aged 6 to 18 months who presented with plagiocephaly (flat head syndrome). The Brunet–Lézine scale was used to perform three tests for assessing the psychomotor development of infants, thus offering a measure for global development. The results suggest that plagiocephaly is a marker for the risk of delayed development, particularly in motor and language areas. This delayed development could be improved with physiotherapy and orthopedic treatment, complemented by interventions by the infants´ relatives.

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Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prospective Study of Cranial Deformity and Delayed Development in Children

et al. 2020

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“…If the indoor temperature is too high in a modern residential space, when an infant is laid down on a warm ondol floor directly, or a supplementary heater or electrical heating mattress is applied to an infant during sleep, the infant's body temperature could easily increase [6]. Hyperthermia in infants can inhibit metabolic activation and breathing as part of disturbances of the brain's temperature regulation [14,25].…”

Section: ) High Indoor Temperatures and Ondol Floorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SIDS refers to deaths with an unknown cause; therefore, diseases, abuse, and accidents must be excluded as the cause of death for SIDS to be diagnosed. Recent reports have emphasized ethnic differences in SIDS rates [25], suggesting that making adjustments in CRP may substantially contribute to SIDS reduction. Therefore, the risks of SIDS need to be understood in the extended context of CRP, which are highly multifaceted phenomena involving both biological and sociocultural factors.…”

Section: Chnr Suggestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Sleeping Practices in Korea

Ahn¹,

Yang²,

Ha³

et al. 2020

Child Health Nurs Res

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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Korea remains a poorly-understood subject for both professionals and the public. Recent reports have emphasized ethnic differences in SIDS rates, suggesting that making adjustments in child-rearing practices may contribute substantially to SIDS reduction. Two of the three major risk factors for SIDS-vulnerability of the infant and exogenous factors-need to be understood in particular depth due to their broad scope and sociocultural grounding. This paper presents substantial issues regarding preterm birth and male gender on infants’ vulnerability to SIDS in Korea. Practices of caring for healthy infants are addressed in the context of sleeping practices, including sleeping position, bedding arrangements, sleeping on the floor, the back-to-sleep position, high indoor temperatures and ondol floor heating, and swaddling. Professional and social awareness about how to reduce SIDS should be raised by promoting a better understanding of risk factors in the context of ethnic and cultural variations in child-rearing practices.

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“…Typically, the etiology of sudden infant deaths cannot be explained; however, because the majority occur during sleep in an unsafe sleep environment, addressing potential risks in this environment is critical (Carlin, R. F., & Moon, 2016). The Triple Risk Model characterizes SIDS as the intersection between a period of critical newborn development during the first months of life, underlying and often invisible vulnerability in the infant and risky environmental conditions including sleep position (Filiano & Kinney, 1994; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development[NICHD], 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Safe Sleep: Validation of the Parent Newborn Sleep Safety Survey

Whiteside-Mansell

Nabaweesi

Caballero

et al. 2017

Journal of Pediatric Nursing

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Purpose Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and suffocation account for more than half of all Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths (SUID). The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations describe the safest environments to protect infants. This study compared parent responses on the Newborn Sleep Safety Survey and observational assessments (N=72) of infant sleep environments in families thought to be at high-risk for non-compliance with AAP recommendations. Design and Methods A naturalistic study of participants enrolled in two home visitation support programs was used. Observed risks ranged from 36.6% (never use pacifier) to 4.3% (never use firm mattress). Results Results comparing report to observation demonstrated acceptable concordance. Five items had fair concordance (Kappa > .4), four showed moderate concordance (Kappa > .6), and one excellent concordance (Kappa > .8). Although direct observation of safety behaviors is the gold standard in the injury prevention field, direct observation is logistically difficult, time consuming, and costly. Conclusions Research and interventions aimed at a reduction of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and suffocation require accurate assessment of the infant sleep environment. This study provides acceptable evidence for the use of the Newborn Sleep Safety Survey as an alternative to direct observation to assess parent adherence to recommendations. Limitations are discussed.

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Risk Factors, Protective Factors, and Current Recommendations to Reduce Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Cited by 123 publications

References 77 publications

A Prospective Study of Cranial Deformity and Delayed Development in Children

A Prospective Study of Cranial Deformity and Delayed Development in Children

Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Sleeping Practices in Korea

Assessment of Safe Sleep: Validation of the Parent Newborn Sleep Safety Survey

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