Risk Factors of Urinary Tract Infection in Pediatric Patients with Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction after Primary Unilateral Pyeloplasty

Abstract

Objective. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) represents to a leading cause of fetal hydronephrosis, which is associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) and urinary stone disease. This study is aimed at investigating risk factors of UTI in pediatric patients with UPJO after primary unilateral pyeloplasty. Methods. The records of a consecutive series of patients undergoing primary pyeloplasty at a single institution between June 2015 and November 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), neutrophil ratio, lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, renal pelvis anteroposterior diameter (APD), renal cortex thickness, caliectasis, open or laparoscopic pyeloplasty, and internal drainage or external drainage, were collected and analyzed. The incidence of postoperative UTI and its risk factors was analyzed. Results. A total of 504 patients were enrolled in the study, and they were classified into the UTI group ( n = 188 ) and non-UTI group ( n = 361 ). Univariate analysis of the incidence of UTI revealed that age, gender, weight, height, BMI, surgical modality, Cr level, BUN level, neutrophil ratio, lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, renal cortex thickness, and postoperative drainage modality were associated with UTI incidence after pyeloplasty in pediatric patients with UPJO. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, <19 months, weight < 11.5 (kg), height < 83 (cm), BMI < 17.09 , BUN > 4.08 (mmol/L), and internal drainage were risk factors of postoperative UTI in pediatric patients with UPJO. Conclusion. Our study demonstrated that male gender, <19 months, weight < 11.5 (kg), height < 83 (cm), BMI < 17.09 , BUN > 4.08 (mmol/L), and internal drainage were risk factors of UTI in pediatric patients with UPJO after primary unilateral pyeloplasty, which may provide reference for prophylactic antibiotics for those patients with risk factors.

Risk factors for adverse outcomes after pediatric pyeloplasty: A retrospective cohort study

“…Our study demonstrated that an ultrasound RCT of less than 3 mm is an independent risk factor for morbidity following pediatric pyeloplasty. Consistent with our results, Wang et al 9 . compared two groups of children who had primary unilateral pyeloplasty according to the presence or absence of UTI postoperatively.…”

“…12 Although Li et al 8 found that renal pelvic APD was predictive of negative outcomes following laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children, most authors did not find an association between hydronephrosis grade and postoperative complications. 6,7,9 Numerous studies have validated the use of renal pelvic APD in predicting surgical indication in children with UPJ obstruction-like hydronephrosis. However, this factor does not appear relevant to postoperative outcomes.…”

“…Even in these studies, the identified risk factors have been the subject of controversy. [5][6][7][8][9] The objective of this research was to identify the risk factors for adverse outcomes after pediatric pyeloplasty.…”

“…However, very few authors have looked for preoperative risk factors that could influence postoperative outcomes. Even in these studies, the identified risk factors have been the subject of controversy 5–9 . The objective of this research was to identify the risk factors for adverse outcomes after pediatric pyeloplasty.…”

Factors Influencing Postoperative Outcomes in Children with Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction: A Logistic Regression Analysis

“…The results highlighted significant factors: age at surgery, duration of hydronephrosis, weight, and serum creatinine. These align with prior research emphasizing their importance in UPJO surgery [7,[11][12][13]. Unlike most studies focusing on singlefactor analysis, we used comprehensive multivariate logistic regression for a more realistic understanding of UPJO surgical outcomes.…”